African health sciences
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Meta AnalysisWomen's attitude and reasons toward justifying domestic violence in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Domestic violence (DV) is a global public problem that touches all levels of society and socio-economic status. Identifying women's attitudes towards domestic violence is an important first step in the prevention and control of its consequence. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed: (i) to synthesize women's reasons for justifying domestic violence and (ii) to determine the pooled prevalence of women's attitude towards domestic violence in Ethiopia. ⋯ More than half of women accept domestic violence. Authors' suggest strengthening of women's awareness toward norms that justify wife beating.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialA comparison of risk of hypotension using standard doses of remifentanil versus dexmedetomidine infusions in adult patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi.
Remifentanil and dexmedetomidine are common agents used in general anaesthesia, monitored anaesthesia care and critical care. When combined with inhaled or intravenous anaesthetic agents intra-operatively, they provide analgesia, lower general anaesthetic requirements and provide sedation and analgesia in the peri-operative period if indicated. Pharmacodynamically, they cause hypotension and bradycardia which are reversible if well managed. Past studies of these drugs have shown a significant proportion of patients with hypotension when compared with similar agents or in isolation. This study compares these two drugs on the effect of hypotension when used as adjuncts to general anaesthesia at low dose standard rate of infusions. ⋯ Among this population, at standard infusion rates, the proportion of patients that risk hypotension was greater in those undergoing elective surgery receiving remifentanil at 0.2mcg/kg/min than in dexmedetomidine at 0.4mcg/kg/hr under isoflurane based anaesthesia.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Interferon-γ receptor-1 gene promoter polymorphisms and susceptibility for brucellosis in Makkah region.
Genetic polymorphisms that affect the production levels of certain cytokines and/or their receptors may determine the risk, severity or protection in some infectious diseases like brucellosis. ⋯ Both tested polymorphisms, IFN-γ R1 - 56 C>T and IFN-γ R1 -611 A>G polymorphism had no role in genetic susceptibility to human brucellosis in the study population. The PCR-CTPP can be used for genotyping IFN-γ R1 - 611 A > G polymorphism and other types of mutation.
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African health sciences · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialWalking as a feasible means of effecting positive changes in BMI, waist, and blood pressure in black South African women.
In the context of a growing obesity pandemic in sub-Saharan African countries little is known on how to address the problem /disease in the region. ⋯ Our data demonstrates that positive changes in BMI, waist, and BP were observed in the intervention group, indicating the potential scalability of the intervention.