African health sciences
-
African health sciences · Jun 2023
Clinical features of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in 3146 patients: a 9-year retrospective cohort study in Zanzibar Archipelago, Tanzania.
To investigate the demographic features, primary endoscopic findings, and the status of Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) infection of the enrolled subjects who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in the Zanzibar Archipelago, Tanzania. ⋯ The present study revealed that gastro-duodenitis, PUD, and normal finding are the most common endoscopic diagnoses in Zanzibar. The presence of H. pylori is significantly associated with duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer.
-
African health sciences · Jun 2023
Application of comfort nursing in mother-infant room exerts beneficial effects.
To analyse the clinical application of comfort care in mother-infant room. ⋯ Applying the comfort nursing mode in mother-infant room can help improve the maternal physical and mental states, promote the growth and development of newborn, and markedly improve the quality and efficiency of nursing work.
-
African health sciences · Jun 2023
Challenges and recommendations for addressing under-five pneumonia morbidity and mortality in Nigeria.
Pneumonia is a severe infection and one of the most common causes of mortality among children under five years of age, when not appropriately managed. Infection of the lungs by bacteria, viruses, or fungi and consequent inflammation may lead to cough and difficult breathing. Some of the key predisposing factors are malnutrition and air pollution. WHO reports that Africa has the highest burden of global child mortality, and 16% of all deaths in pneumonia, were children under five years of age in 2016. ⋯ The results from this study highlight contextual issues playing major roles in pneumonia mortality among children in Nigeria, which will need approaches on several levels to address them.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2023
Predictors of mortality and survival probability distribution among patients on tuberculosis treatment in Vihiga County, Kenya.
Tuberculosis (TB) related mortality remains a serious impediment in ending TB epidemic. ⋯ Risk of TB mortality is high and is attributable to comorbidities, severe illness, HIV and smoking. Causes and conditions contributing to TB mortality are multifaceted but modifiable. Improving TB/HIV care could reduce mortality in this setting.
-
African health sciences · Mar 2023
Cost-effectiveness of dolutegravir vs. efavirenz-based combined antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-naive patients in a Nigerian treatment centre.
Dolutegravir (DTG) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) has largely replaced Efavirenz (EFV) based therapy as the preferred first-line regimen in the treatment of adults with HIV. This study was carried out to evaluate the comparative cost-effectiveness of DTG and EFV-based ART in HIV-infected treatment-naïve patients in a treatment centre in Nigeria. ⋯ Efavirenz based regimen had higher treatment effectiveness than DTG-based regimen in treatment-naive patients after initiating treatment in a short term. Compared to EFV, DTG-based regimen is cost-effective in the management of treatment naïve HIV patients.