Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Feb 2020
ReviewHuman immunodeficiency virus prevention strategies in China.
This paper reviews the current epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in China, particularly the globally available prevention strategies developed and implemented. This review focuses on HIV prevention measures in general, such as education, testing, and counseling and in specific responses to transmission modes, such as blood safety, harm reduction for people who inject drugs, and condom promotion to reduce sexual transmission. ⋯ Based on this assessment, we provide recommendations for their implementation in China. We conclude that there is no magic bullet for HIV prevention, particularly sexual transmission of the disease, but only a combination of these prevention strategies can control the HIV epidemic.
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Chinese medical journal · Feb 2020
ReviewTreatment of early-onset scoliosis: techniques, indications, and complications.
The treatments for early-onset scoliosis (EOS) remain great challenges for spine surgeons. This study aimed to comprehensively review the treatments for EOS, especially the advancements made in the last decade. Current studies on EOS were retrieved through a search on PubMed, UpToDate, the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus were reviewed. ⋯ Knowledge about EOS and its treatment options is rapidly expanding. Conservative treatments have specific limitations. For curves requiring a surgical intervention, surgical techniques may vary depending on the patients' characteristics, the surgeon's experience, and the actual state of the country.
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Chinese medical journal · Feb 2020
ReviewPancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are two common diseases worldwidely which are both derived from different components of pancreas. The pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) is an essential transcription factor for the early development of pancreas that is required for the differentiation of all pancreatic cell lineages. Current evidence suggests an important role of PDX1 in both the origin and progression of pancreatic diseases. In this review, we discussed recent studies of PDX1 in diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer, and the therapeutic strategies derived from this transcription factor.
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Alternative splicing can generate various structural and functional protein isoforms. Recently, accumulating evidence shows a relationship between alternative splicing and cancer. Cancer is a complex and chronic disease that involves malignant transformation. In this review, we consider alternative splicing events in relation to the hallmarks of cancer cells, and discuss current therapies to treat cancer-related to alternative splicing. ⋯ Alternative splicing is common in cancer cells. Consideration of alternative splicing may allow different strategies for cancer therapy or the identification of novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.