Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
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Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. · Aug 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEvoked human oesophageal hyperalgesia: a potential tool for analgesic evaluation?
Hypersensitivity is a common finding in visceral disorders. Therefore, in the development and testing of analgesics for the treatment of visceral pain, it is important to establish an experimental pain model of visceral hypersensitivity. Such a model will mimic the clinical situation to a higher degree than pain models where the receptors and peripheral afferents are briefly activated as with, for example, electrical, thermal, and mechanical stimulations. ⋯ Acid+capsaicin perfusion induced 56% reduction of the pain threshold to heat (P = 0.04), 19% reduction of the pain threshold to electrical stimuli (P < 0.001), 78% increase of the referred pain areas to mechanical stimulation (P < 0.001) and 52% increase of the referred pain areas to electrical stimulus (P = 0.045). All volunteers were sensitised to one or more modalities by acid+capsaicin. The model was able to evoke consistent hyperalgesia and may be useful in future pharmacological studies.
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Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. · Aug 2009
Effects of intrathecal injection of nicotine on the analgesic effects of isoflurane in a model of inflammatory pain.
The present study was designed to investigate the role of spinal neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the analgesic effects of isoflurane. After having established the mice model of analgesia by intraperitoneally injecting (i.p.) appropriate doses of isoflurane, nicotine, a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist was intrathecally injected. ⋯ Nicotine can partially antagonize the effects induced by isoflurane above. Spinal neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors may be important targets for the analgesic effects of isoflurane in formalin pain.