Current clinical pharmacology
-
Curr Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of Ondansetron on Withdrawal Signs, Fentanyl Requirement and Pain Relief in Opioid-addicted Patients under General Anesthesia.
Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists such as ondansetron have been investigated to attenuate opioid withdrawal signs in studies. ⋯ This study demonstrated supporting evidence for the beneficial treatment of ondansetron for the control of withdrawal symptoms and pain in addicted patients, and more clinical studies are suggested in this regard.
-
Curr Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Preventing Post-partum Hemorrhage Due to Uterine Atony: A Triple-blind Randomized Clinical Trial.
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is an important cause of early maternal death which needs to be controlled. ⋯ The results of the present study showed that administrating intravenous TXA had comparable effects with prostaglandin analogue on reducing PPH in women with uterine atony and in those undergoing C section or vaginal delivery. Therefore, TXA can be used instead of prostaglandin in managing such patients.
-
Curr Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyClonidine, but not Dexamethasone, Prolongs Ropivacaine-Induced Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Nerve Block Duration.
Ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block (USSB) provides excellent postoperative analgesia after upper extremity surgery. Dexamethasone and clonidine have been added to local anesthetics to enhance and prolong the duration of analgesia. ⋯ The results demonstrated that clonidine significantly prolongs the duration of ropivacaine effects for the postoperative analgesia in patient underwent upper arm surgeries.
-
Curr Clin Pharmacol · May 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialThe concept of titration can be transposed to fluid management. but does is change the volumes? randomised trial on pleth variability index during fast-track colonic surgery.
The concept of drug titration emerged recently for intraoperative fluid administration during Fast-Track colonic surgery to avoid hypovolemia as well as excessive crystalloid administration. The Pleth Variability Index (PVI) is an oximeter-derived parameter. It allows a continuous monitoring of the respiratory variation of the perfusion index. ⋯ PVI-guided fluid management in Fast-Track colonic surgery is not necessarily associated with different total volume infused.
-
Curr Clin Pharmacol · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyState of the art clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of N-acetylcarnosine dipeptide ophthalmic prodrug. Principles for the delivery, self-bioactivation, molecular targets and interaction with a highly evolved histidyl-hydrazide structure in the treatment and therapeutic management of a group of sight-threatening eye diseases.
The exact biological functions of the aminoacyl-histidine dipeptides in ophthalmology are still unknown but they are the subject of intensive research activities at Innovative Vision Products, Inc. (IVP). Numerous studies have demonstrated, both at the tissue and organelle levels, that naturally occuring imidazole containing peptidomimetics possess strong and specific antioxidant properties, by preventing and reducing the accumulation of oxidised products derived from the lipid peroxidation (LPO) of biological membranes. Carnosine has been shown to act as a competitive inhibitor of the non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins.Thus, carnosine may prevent and reverse (de-link) the formation of the advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), whose accumulation in the ocular tissues has been proposed to play a direct role in the etiology and pathogenesis of cataract and diabetic ocular complications (DOC). Besides, histidine-containing dipeptides are believed to act as cytosolic buffering agents. ⋯ Cataract is a major disease both in terms of number of people involved and economic impact. The research into causative factors and mechanisms to prevent the development of cataract is essential, particularly in developing countries where cataract surgery is often inaccessible. The results of this study provide a substantial basis for further evaluation of N-acetylcarnosine eye drops patented by IVP in the treatment and prevention of visual impairment in the temporal cross-sections of an older population several years apart. In the number of promotion studies this ophthalmic drug showed experimental and clinical potential for the non-surgical treatment of age-related cataracts. Comprehensive studies that investigate clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes for the patient and society are conducted and will be described with different types of identified pharmacoeconomic evaluations to adequately assess the comparative value of current N-acetylcarnosine eye drops therapeutics for medical care and its place in future ophthalmic practices. Patients and the public expect that safe and cost-effective cataract medical care with N-acetylcarnosine therapeutic platform should be commissioned for them.