General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
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Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg · Feb 2019
Analysis of the perioperative change in cognitive function of patients with risk factors for cognitive impairment in cardiovascular surgery.
The purpose of the present study is to assess the perioperative changes in the cognitive function of patients after cardiovascular surgery (CVS) and to find out risk factors for early postoperative cognitive decline. ⋯ Although preoperative cognitive decline and patients' age were the risk factors for early postoperative cognitive impairment after CVS, a significant recovery can be expected even in elderly patients or patients with low preoperative cognitive function by the time of discharge.
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Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg · Feb 2019
ReviewPerioperative intervention by oral medicine team in cardiovascular surgery patients.
In brief, perioperative oral intervention consists of elimination of odontogenic foci and maintenance of oral hygiene in patients undergoing surgery. The importance of oral intervention before, during, and after medical treatments is well-known, especially in cancer patients, because odontogenic foci such as untreated deep dental caries or periodontitis can cause systemic infection in patients with myelosuppression resulting from chemotherapy. Although perioperative oral intervention is currently recommended for patients with cardiovascular disease, its efficacy in this population has not been established. This article consists of three sections: first, we review the current knowledge about the association between dental disease and cardiovascular disease to show the importance of oral hygiene maintenance and the risks of invasive dental procedures in patients with cardiovascular disease; second, we introduce pertinent, but limited evidence concerning the effect of oral care in preventing postoperative pneumonia; and finally, we present the optimal strategy for perioperative oral intervention in cardiovascular surgery patients.