Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde
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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd · Jan 2001
[Automated swinging flashlight test in patients with optic nerve diseases].
The swinging flashlight test is an objective method to diagnose a lesion of the anterior visual pathways. However, errors and faults may easily alter the test's results. Hence, the value of the swinging flashlight test depends highly on the examiner's skills. Therefore an automated and objective procedure was developed which is independent from the examiner. ⋯ The automated swinging flashlight test can be recommended to exclude influences by the examiner or if the exact amount of the relative afferent pupillary defect is desired, e.g. when monitoring therapeutic effects in optic nerve diseases. Furthermore, an automated swinging flashlight test could serve as a screening test.
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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd · Jan 2001
Comparative Study[Experiences with cycloplegic drops in German-speaking centers of pediatric ophthalmology and stabology--results of a 1999 survey].
Because of its advantages, topical cyclopentolate is often preferred over the gold standard, atropine. The purpose of the study was to obtain an overview over current cycloplegia protocols and to estimate the likelihood of severe complications due to the use of cycloplegics. ⋯ During 30 years of a cycloplegia career with an average of 34 cycloplegias/week, one may expect 2-10 severe complications. In current practice, the patient risk of severe complications is very small. Health care professionals and parents should be informed about the frequent occurrence of light side effects in order to reach a good compliance with cycloplegia.
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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd · Dec 2000
Case Reports[Langerhans-cell histiocytosis of the orbit; diagnosis, treatment and outcome in three patients -- children and adults].
Langerhans cell histiocytosis usually affects children. Systemic Langerhans cell histiocytosis may be present in 37% of affected children. Ten per cent of all children die of the disease. ⋯ Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the orbit is an important differential diagnosis of osteolytic and/or space-occupying lesions not only in children, but also in adults. A diagnostic biopsy followed by surgical excision and/or local and systemic corticoid- and chemotherapy are essential regarding the prognosis of local and systemic disease.
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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd · Aug 2000
Review Case Reports[Brainstem anesthesia with respiratory arrest after retrobulbar block--a case report with a review of literature].
This case shows the time course and typical clinical features of brain stem anaesthesia. It is presumed that it follows accidental injection of local anaesthetic into the subarachnoidal space via the optic nerve sheaths. ⋯ The quick clinical recovery of the patient without any sequelae and the unremarkable results of internal and neurological examines support the diagnosis of brain stem anaesthesia.
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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd · Feb 2000
Comparative Study[Ocular hemoglobinometry--physiological variations].
To explore the relationship between ocular (fundus) hemoglobin and that sampled and measured conventionally. To look for differences in hemoglobin density determined by both methods when the body hemoglobin is acutely (blood donation) or pathologically e.g. anemia altered. ⋯ Comparison of conventional and ocular determination of hemoglobin reveals good correlation in healthy people. However, in acute or chronic blood loss the papillary hemoglobin level differs from that measured peripherally. A gender-related regulatory capacity of the ocular tissues under low-level conditions can be shown: Male persons maintain ocular hemoglobin at a normal level even when peripheral hemoglobin falls to low values, whereas female persons show a decrease in ocular hemoglobin parallel to the venous levels. Hence, under such extreme conditions,--and only in males--the ocular method yields values other than those from the conventional method, because ocular regulatory mechanisms, otherwise undetected, are exquisitely revealed.