Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery
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J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv · Oct 2013
Comparative StudyHigh-efficiency generation and delivery of aerosols through nasal cannula during noninvasive ventilation.
Previous studies have demonstrated the delivery of pharmaceutical aerosols through nasal cannula and the feasibility of enhanced condensational growth (ECG) with a nasal interface. The objectives of this study were to develop a device for generating submicrometer aerosols with minimal depositional loss in the formation process and to improve aerosol delivery efficiencies through nasal cannulas. ⋯ Submicrometer aerosols can be formed using a conventional mesh nebulizer and delivered through a nasal cannula with total delivery efficiencies of 80-90%. Streamlining the nasal cannula significantly improved the delivery efficiency of both submicrometer and micrometer aerosols; however, use of submicrometer particles with ECG delivery resulted in overall lower depositional losses.
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J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv · Oct 2013
Comparative StudyVibrating membrane devices deliver aerosols more efficient than standard devices: a study in a neonatal upper airway model.
Aerosol therapy in preterm infants is challenging, as a very small proportion of the drug deposits in the lungs. ⋯ In a model for infant aerosol inhalation, we confirmed low lung dose using jet nebulizers and pMDI-holding chambers, whereas newer, more specialized vibrating membrane devices, designed specifically for use in preterm infants, deliver up to 20 times more drug to the infant's lung.
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J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv · Oct 2013
Comparative StudyTargeting aerosol deposition to and within the lung airways using excipient enhanced growth.
Previous studies have characterized the size increase of combination submicrometer particles composed of a drug and hygroscopic excipient when exposed to typical airway thermodynamic conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the deposition and size increase characteristics of excipient enhanced growth (EEG) aerosols throughout the tracheobronchial (TB) airways and to evaluate the potential for targeted delivery. ⋯ Increasing the dose delivered to the lower TB region by a factor of 20-30×or achieving 90% delivery to the alveolar airways was considered effective aerosol targeting compared with conventional devices. The trend of higher flow rates resulting in better alveolar delivery of aerosols is unique to EEG and may be used to design highly efficient dry powder inhalers.