Injury
-
Comparative Study
Comparative study of the effect of PTH (1-84) and strontium ranelate in an experimental model of atrophic nonunion.
This study aimed to set up an experimental model of long bone atrophic nonunion and to explore the potential role of PTH-1-84 (PTH 1-84) and strontium ranelate (SrR). A model of atrophic nonunion was created in Sprague-Dawley rats at the femoral midshaft level. The animals were randomised into four groups. Group A1: control rodents, fracture without bone gap; Group A2: rodents with subtraction osteotomy (non-union model control) treated with saline; Group B: rodents with subtraction osteotomy treated with human-PTH (PTH 1-84); and Group C: rodents with subtraction osteotomy treated with strontium ranelate (SrR). The groups were followed for 12 weeks. X-rays were be obtained at weeks 1, 6 and 12. After sacrificing the animals, we proceeded to the biomechanical study and four point bending tests to evaluate the resistance of the callus and histological study. In second phase, the expression of genes related to osteoblast function was analysed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR in rats subjected to substraction osteotomy and treated for 2 weeks. The animals were randomised into three groups: Group A2: rodents treated with saline; Group B: rodents treated with PTH 1-84 and Group C: rodents treated with SrR. ⋯ SrR increases has a beneficial effect in this atrophic non-union model in rats. This suggests that it might have a role may have important implications for the potential clinical role in the treatment of fracture nonunion.
-
A study was undertaken to determine the requirement for primary plastic surgery in the treatment of open fractures. We reviewed 3297 consecutive open fractures in a 22-year period in a defined population. Analysis showed that 12.6% of patients required primary plastic surgery with 5.6% being treated with split skin grafting and 7.2% with a flap. ⋯ The incidence of open fractures that require primary plastic surgery was 28/10(6)/year. The incidence in open upper and lower limb fractures was 5.3/10(6)/year and 22.7/10(6)/year respectively. Using these figures it is possible to estimate the numbers of open fractures that will require primary plastic surgery each year in the United Kingdom.
-
The rate of non-union is estimated to be 1.1% to 10% following closed treatment of proximal humerus fracture. Treatment options include revision of fixation and biological enhancement using osteoprogenitor cells, growth factors and scaffolds. However, it is essential to plan the correct type of reconstructive strategy based on the evaluation of the non-union type. ⋯ We report a case of a 40 years old man who developed an aseptic proximal humerus non-union treated initially with ORIF (Philos(®) plate), bone substitute (Orthoss(®)) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). Due to implant failure, twelve weeks later the fixation was revised to Titanium Cannulated Humeral Nail. Osseous healing was noted 5 months later.
-
CISD2 is known to have roles in calcium metabolism, anti-apoptosis, and longevity. However, whether CISD2 is involved in the inflammatory response associated with injuries of the central nervous system (CNS) remains unclear. This issue is particularly relevant for traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs), which lack therapeutic targeting and often cause long-term disability in patients. The authors previously demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of curcumin against RANTES-mediated neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated (1) the role of CISD2 in injury-induced inflammation and (2) whether curcumin influences CISD2 expression in acute SCI. ⋯ To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the following: (1) CISD2 exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects in neural cells; and (2) curcumin can attenuate the downregulation of CISD2 in SCI and LPS-treated astrocytes.
-
The capability for sustained and gradual release of pharmaceuticals is a major requirement in the development of a guided antimicrobial bacterial control system for clinical applications. In this study, PVA gels with varying constituents that were manufactured via a refreeze/thawing route, were found to have excellent potential for antimicrobial delivery for bone infections. ⋯ Our results indicate that the Cefuroxime Sodium released from poly(e-caprolactone) in PVA was tailored to a sustained release over more than 45 days, while the release from hydroxyapatite PVA reach burst maximum after 20 days. These PVA hydrogel-systems were also capable of controlled and sustained release of other biopharmaceuticals.