Medical care
-
This study was designed to determine if comorbidity added more information than knowing only the patient's age in predicting survival and length of hospital stay. ⋯ Patients who died were not significantly older but had higher comorbidity scores. Using patients alive at the end of the follow-up period, linear regression models were fit to the data to determine if comorbidity added more information regarding length of hospital stay than knowing only the patient's age. In the model that included only age as an independent variable, there was a significant relation between age and length of stay (F(1,303) = 5.2; P = 0.012). The R2 value for this model was 0.017. In further models that included age and each of the three comorbidity scores (separately) as the independent variables, the model that included age and the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale yielded the highest R2 value (R2 = 0.062). This study is among the first to compare three different measures of comorbidity and documents that comorbidity provides more information than knowing only the patient's age in relation to survival and length of hospital stay.
-
The authors determine whether assessments of effects of rural emergency medical services (EMS) system characteristics on trauma outcomes using patient-level data are biased significantly if the Injury Severity Score (ISS) is not available. ⋯ In rural settings, where a patient's ISS generally is not available, studies of rural EMS system characteristics and trauma outcomes may use Revised Trauma Score, patient age, and type of trauma to control for expected survival. The patient's ISS does not appear to be essential, at least for the rural area analyzed in this study.