Medical care
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Previous studies examining sex-based disparities in emergency department (ED) pain care have been limited to a single pain condition, a single study site, and lack rigorous control for confounders. ⋯ In this multicenter study, we found that women experienced delays in analgesic administration for AP, but not for FP. Future research and interventions to decrease sex disparities in pain care should take type of pain into account.
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Although there is growing interest in applying patient-reported outcomes (PROs) toward surgical quality, the extent to which PROs vary across hospitals following surgical procedures is unknown. ⋯ Patient factors explain a large proportion of hospital-level variation in PROs following bariatric surgery, underscoring the importance of risk adjustment. However, some variation in PROs across hospitals remains unexplained, suggesting PROs may represent a viable indicator of hospital performance.
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We quantify patterns in prescription opioid dispensations to individuals who suffered a prescription opioid-related death. In addition, we examine the relationship between opioid dispensations and prescription opioid-related deaths in geographic regions of British Columbia (BC). ⋯ Targeted efforts to reduce high levels of opioid prescribing in BC, particularly dispensations of strong opioids and codeine, may substantially reduce opioid-related harms.
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Policymakers have expanded readmissions penalties to include elective total hip arthroplasties (THA), but little is known whether disparities exist on the basis of race, socioeconomic status, or payer. ⋯ We found significant differences in the odds of 30-day readmissions on the basis of race, socioeconomic status, and payer. As readmissions penalties become widely adopted, payers need to be mindful of their effects on vulnerable populations.
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Racial disparities in access to care and access to high-quality care have been persistent over many decades. They have been documented in all areas of health care, including ambulatory care. Policy initiatives have been implemented to address disparities and close the gaps in care that minorities face. Less is known about the effectiveness of these polices. ⋯ Policies addressing persisting racial disparities in quality of ambulatory care for African Americans should focus on the chronic PQIs. In addition, efforts should be made to improve data quality for race and ethnicity information on hospital discharge data to enable informed policy evaluation and planning.