Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The responsiveness of different exercise tests in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a randomised controlled trial.
COPD is characterized by reduced exercise tolerance, and improving physical performance is an important therapeutic goal. A variety of exercise tests are commonly used to assess exercise tolerance, including laboratory and field-based tests. The responsiveness of these various tests to common COPD interventions is yet to be compared, but the results may inform test selection in clinical and research settings. ⋯ International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): No. 64759523; URL: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN64759523.
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Observational Study
Hospital-treated infectious diseases, infection burden and risk of lung cancer: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study.
Although infections play a role in the development of lung cancer, the longitudinal association between infection and the risk of lung cancer is disputed, and data relating to pathogen types and infection sites are sparse. ⋯ Both observational and genetic analyses suggest that infectious diseases could increase the risk of lung cancer. The dual perspective on the LRTIs and extra-LRTIs impacts may inform lung cancer prevention strategies.
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Multicenter Study
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia with Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization: A multicenter, retrospective study.
For decades, the incidence and clinical characteristics of Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization in patients with severe pneumonia was unclear. ⋯ Immunosuppression and a reduced lymphocyte count were identified as risk factors for P jirovecii colonization in patients with non-Pneumocystis pneumonia. More frequent detection of various viruses was observed in patients colonized with P jirovecii, and P jirovecii colonization was associated with an increased 28-day mortality in patients with severe pneumonia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A one-year weight management programme for difficult-to-treat asthma with obesity: a randomised controlled study.
Obesity-associated asthma results in increased morbidity and mortality. We report 1-year asthma outcomes with a weight management regimen, the Counterweight-Plus Programme (CWP), compared with usual care (UC) in a single-center, randomized controlled trial in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma and obesity. ⋯ In this study, the use of a dietitian-supported weight management program resulted in sustained weight loss and is a potential treatment for obesity in asthma. The CWP resulted in a higher proportion achieving MCID improvements in AQLQ compared with UC. Within-group differences in AQLQ and exacerbation frequency suggest potential with the CWP. These encouraging signals justify a larger sample study to further assess asthma-related outcomes.