The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2020
Alcohol-related trauma reinjury prevention with hospital-based screening in adult populations: An Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma evidence-based systematic review.
Unaddressed alcohol use among injured patients may result in recurrent injury or death. Many trauma centers incorporate alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for injured patients with alcohol use disorders, but systematic reviews evaluating the impact of these interventions are lacking. ⋯ Systematic review, Level III.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2020
Meta Analysis Comparative StudyConsequences of pre-injury utilization of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The rapid adoption and widespread use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has outpaced research efforts to establish their effects in bleeding trauma patients. In patients with complicated traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by intracranial hemorrhage, DOAC use may be associated with higher bleeding volume and potentially more disastrous sequelae than use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). In the current systematic review and meta-analysis we set out to evaluate the literature on the relationship between preinjury DOAC use and course of the intracranial hemorrhage. (ICH), its treatment and mortality rates in TBI patients, and to compare these outcomes to those of patients with preinjury VKA use. ⋯ Systematic review, level III.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2020
ReviewDisproportionally low funding for trauma research by the National Institutes of Health: A call for a National Institute of Trauma.
Trauma is a major cause of death and disability in all ages. Previous reviews have suggested that National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding for trauma is not commensurate with its burden of disease, but a detailed analysis has been lacking. We postulated that NIH spending on trauma research was lower than previously thought and was distributed widely, preventing a comprehensive research strategy that could decrease trauma morbidity and mortality. ⋯ Given the extreme burden of trauma-related disability and years of life lost, this review of extramural NIH funding definitively demonstrates that trauma is severely underfunded. The lack of a dedicated home for trauma research at NIH leads to a diffusion of grants across many institutes and makes it impossible to direct a focused and effective national research endeavor to improve outcomes. These data demonstrate the need for a National Institute of Trauma at the NIH to help set an agenda to reach the national goal of Zero Preventable Deaths.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Jan 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialSeverity of hemorrhage and the survival benefit associated with plasma: Results from a randomized prehospital plasma trial.
Recent randomized clinical trial evidence demonstrated a survival benefit with the use of prehospital plasma in patients at risk of hemorrhagic shock. We sought to characterize the survival benefit associated with prehospital plasma relative to the blood transfusion volume over the initial 24 hours. We hypothesized that the beneficial effects of prehospital plasma would be most robust in those with higher severity of hemorrhage. ⋯ Therapeutic, Level I.