Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology
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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol · May 2013
ReviewReview and recommendations for the prevention, management, and treatment of postoperative and postdischarge nausea and vomiting.
Patients have rated severe nausea to be worse than postoperative pain. The overall incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is 25%-30% and can lead to delayed discharge and unanticipated hospital admission. After outpatient surgery, the overall incidence of postdischarge nausea has been reported to be 17% and of vomiting 8%, higher than nausea and vomiting reported during the procedure or recovery. ⋯ This paper addresses the frequency, pathophysiology and patient perception of PONV and PDNV and reviews antiemetics and adjunctive medications used for the prevention, management, and treatment of PONV and PDNV. For each, the indication, mechanism of action, adverse effects, drug interactions, and implications for oral surgery and outpatient sedation are provided. Because many antiemetics are available for prevention, management, and treatment of PONV and PDNV, optimal medication choices are important for each procedure and patient.
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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol · May 2013
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyThe effect of tranexamic acid on blood loss in orthognathic surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
The objective of this article was to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid on blood loss in orthognathic surgery. A meta-analysis was performed. ⋯ This meta-analysis confirms that tranexamic acid can effectively reduce intraoperative blood loss in orthognathic surgery, especially by intravenous administration. But, tranexamic acid cannot affect postoperative levels of Hb and Hct.
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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol · Feb 2013
Real-time ultrasonographic visualization for guided inferior alveolar nerve injection.
The purpose of this study was to develop a methodological technique for the ultrasonographic visualization of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) using a novel hockey stick-shaped 8- to 15-MHz transducer in volunteers, followed by simulated IAN scanning and injection in cadavers. ⋯ We hypothesize that ultrasound-guided IAN block may be feasible in humans using our technique.
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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol · Feb 2013
Case ReportsTemporomandibular joint arthritis in sickle cell disease: a case report.
We report a rare case of aseptic arthritis in the temporomandibular joint of a patient with sickle cell anemia. A 22-year-old woman with sickle cell disease, in the 18th week of gestation, was referred by her hematologist to investigate a sudden mouth opening limitation and severe pain on her left cheek. ⋯ Treatment with opioid analgesics and blood transfusion provided good results. Sickle cell anemia is a disease that can cause arthritis of the temporomandibular joint, and although it is rare, clinicians should be attentive to the differential diagnosis in patients with this disease.
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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol · Dec 2012
Case ReportsComplex regional pain syndrome following trigeminal nerve injury: report of 2 cases.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating neuropathic pain condition that has been extensively reported in the extremities following variable degrees of nerve trauma. CRPS has rarely been reported in the orofacial region. We report 2 orofacial pain patients whose clinical phenotypes fit the criteria for CRPS. ⋯ In case 1 the patient presented with redness of the ipsilateral ear during painful episodes, pain that extended into the ipsilateral arm and was associated with variations in the appearance of the ipsilateral hand. Symptoms also included "electric-burning pain" of the right side of the head, including the ear, teeth, jaw, eye, neck, and cheek. In case 2 the patient presented with intractable pain of the upper left face, head, and neck accompanied by color changes in the painful areas, which increased with exposure to cold.