European journal of clinical pharmacology
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Aug 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRelative potency of controlled-release oxycodone and controlled-release morphine in a postoperative pain model.
The relative analgesic potency of single doses of oral controlled-release oxycodone and oral controlled-release morphine were compared in a randomized, double-blind trial using a postoperative pain model. ⋯ Oral controlled-release oxycodone was twice as potent as oral controlled-release morphine in this single-dose, relative potency assay. When converting patients from oral morphine to oral oxycodone, an initial oral oxycodone dose of one-half the oral morphine dose is recommended.
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialNeuromuscular blocking characteristics of vecuronium after tubocurarine-induced "fade". An experimental double-blind clinical study.
The fade in train-of-four (TOF) monitoring is considered to be due to blocking of the prejunctional nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AchRs). During onset of the neuromuscular block (NMB) tubocurarine (TC) causes more fade in the TOF responses than vecuronium (VEC). Therefore we wanted to investigate whether onset or duration of action of VEC or TC would be improved with a priming dose of an agent with different prejunctional activity. ⋯ Priming with TC caused a lower TOF ratio; however, priming with TC did not accelerate the onset time of either agent as much as priming with VEC. It appears that potentiation of NMB after combination of VEC and TC is not dependent on "fade" receptors.
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · May 1999
CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 activity in a large population of Dutch healthy volunteers: indications for oral contraceptive-related gender differences.
We examined a large database containing results on CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 activity of 4301 Dutch volunteers phenotyped in the context of various clinical pharmacology studies. ⋯ For CYP2D6, the PM incidence (8.0%) is in accordance with literature data. The CYP2C19, PM incidence (1.8%) is low compared to reports from other European countries. For mephenytoin, the acidification procedure has been shown to be very important for the confirmation of CYP2C19 PMs. In EM females compared to EM males, CYP2D6 activity is increased and CYP2C19 activity is reduced. For CYP2C19 in particular this reduction is substantial and most pronounced in the age range from 18 to 40 years. For CYP2C19, the reduced activity is associated with the use of oral contraceptives.
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Feb 1999
Suspected adverse drug events requiring emergency department visits or hospital admissions.
To analyse the contribution of adverse drug events (ADEs) to the overall number of referrals or visits at an emergency department, to determine the proportion of more severe episodes requiring hospital admission and to characterize the different causes of drug-related visits or admissions. ⋯ The high proportion of drug therapeutic failures leading to an admission highlights the need for public education, particularly to prevent non-compliance.
-
Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Feb 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTopical heparin for the treatment of acute superficial phlebitis secondary to indwelling intravenous catheter. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
To assess the clinical efficacy of a topical gel containing 1000 IU x g(-1) of heparin, applied three times daily for a maximal period of 7 days to patients with acute superficial phlebitis secondary to indwelling intravenous catheter. ⋯ Topical heparin is safe and effective for the treatment of superficial phlebitis secondary to indwelling intravenous catheter.