The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Dec 2009
Epinephrine treatment is infrequent and biphasic reactions are rare in food-induced reactions during oral food challenges in children.
Data about epinephrine use and biphasic reactions in childhood food-induced anaphylaxis during oral food challenges are scarce. ⋯ Older age and reactions to peanuts were risk factors for anaphylaxis during oral food challenges. Reactions requiring multiple doses of epinephrine and biphasic reactions were infrequent.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Nov 2009
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurements are most closely associated with allergic sensitization in school-age children.
Factors affecting fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in early childhood are incompletely understood. ⋯ These findings underscore the importance of evaluating allergen sensitization status when FeNO is used as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and/or monitoring of atopic diseases, particularly asthma.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Nov 2009
Role of sphingosine kinase 1 in allergen-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and hyperresponsiveness.
Immunologic processes might contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a fatal condition characterized by progressive pulmonary arterial remodeling, increased pulmonary vascular resistance, and right ventricular failure. Experimental allergen-driven lung inflammation evoked morphologic and functional vascular changes that resembled those observed in patients with PAH. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is the main pulmonary contributor to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) synthesis, a modulator of immune and vascular functions. ⋯ : The data support a role for SphK1 and S1P in allergen-induced airway inflammation. However, SphK1 deficiency increased pulmonary vascular hyperresponsiveness, which is a component of PAH pathobiology. Moreover, we show for the first time the dissociation between inflammation-induced remodeling of the airways and pulmonary vasculature.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Nov 2009
Multicenter StudyPredictors of severe systemic anaphylactic reactions in patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy: importance of baseline serum tryptase-a study of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Interest Group on Insect Venom Hypersensitivity.
Severe anaphylaxis to honeybee or vespid stings is associated with a variety of risk factors, which are poorly defined. ⋯ In patients with honeybee or vespid venom allergy, baseline serum tryptase concentrations are associated with the risk for severe anaphylactic reactions. Preventive measures should include substitution of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Oct 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy of human C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate compared with placebo in acute hereditary angioedema attacks.
Hereditary angioedema caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency is a rare disorder. ⋯ C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate given intravenously at a dose of 20 U/kg is an effective and safe treatment for acute abdominal and facial attacks in patients with hereditary angioedema, with a rapid onset of relief.