Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
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μ-Theraphotoxin-Hhn2a (HNTX-III) isolated from the venom of the spider Ornithoctonus hainana is a selective antagonist of neuronal tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). Intriguingly, previous transcriptomic study revealed HNTX-III family consists of more than 15 precursors, in which the 20(th) and 24(th) residues of the mature sequences are variable. Try20 and Ser24 of HNTX-III are mutated to His20 and Asn24 of other members, respectively. ⋯ Similar data were obtained for Nav1.3. Our results provide new insights into the activity-related residues of HNTX-III at genic level. Furthermore, the reduced potency of the four mutants probably reflects natural selection might favor and reserve the most potent bioactivity of HNTX-III which is one of the most abundant fractions of the venom.