Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyIntraarticular injection of magnesium sulphate and/or bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery.
Intraarticular bupivacaine is often used for prevention of pain after arthroscopic knee surgery. Intraarticular magnesium, a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker, would be of particular interest in either producing postoperative analgesia or enhancing the analgesic effect of intraarticular bupivacaine. We designed this study to determine whether intraarticular magnesium sulfate or bupivacaine results in a decrease in visual analog scale (VAS) score followed by a decrease in analgesic requirement and whether their combination would provide more reduction in VAS, and subsequently less analgesic requirement, than either drug alone. ⋯ Magnesium combined with bupivacaine produces a reduction in postoperative pain when given intraarticularly in comparison to either bupivacaine or magnesium alone, or to saline placebo.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyCombined ultrasound and neurostimulation guidance for popliteal sciatic nerve block: a prospective, randomized comparison with neurostimulation alone.
Ultrasound imaging, an effective tool to localize peripheral nerves, may facilitate block performance. However, its usefulness during popliteal sciatic nerve block has not been assessed. ⋯ Combined ultrasound and neurostimulation guidance does not decrease block time but increases the success rate of popliteal sciatic nerve block observed at 30 min.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyHaloperidol plus ondansetron versus ondansetron alone for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Haloperidol 1 mg and ondansetron 4 mg are equally safe and effective for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis. We compared the combination to ondansetron alone in a mixed surgical population. ⋯ Postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis with both drugs is significantly more effective and longer lasting than ondansetron alone. There is no detectable increase in side effects.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyCombined general/epidural anesthesia (ropivacaine 0.375%) versus general anesthesia for upper abdominal surgery.
We designed this study to investigate the effect of 0.375% ropivacaine on stress hormone responses and anesthetic requirements in combined epidural/general anesthesia for nephrectomy. ⋯ Epidural ropivacaine 0.375% suppressed stress hormone responses and sufentanil requirements perioperatively during maintenance of anesthesia for nephrectomy.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPostoperative analgesic efficacy of peripheral levobupivacaine and ropivacaine: a prospective, randomized double-blind trial in patients after total knee arthroplasty.
Several previous trials have characterized the intra- and postoperative effects of the recently introduced local anesthetics, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine, for a variety of continuous peripheral nerve blocks. ⋯ Both levobupivacaine 0.125% and ropivacaine 0.2% provide similar analgesia after total knee arthroplasty with the latter being less potent.