Anesthesia and analgesia
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyIntraarticular injection of magnesium sulphate and/or bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery.
Intraarticular bupivacaine is often used for prevention of pain after arthroscopic knee surgery. Intraarticular magnesium, a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blocker, would be of particular interest in either producing postoperative analgesia or enhancing the analgesic effect of intraarticular bupivacaine. We designed this study to determine whether intraarticular magnesium sulfate or bupivacaine results in a decrease in visual analog scale (VAS) score followed by a decrease in analgesic requirement and whether their combination would provide more reduction in VAS, and subsequently less analgesic requirement, than either drug alone. ⋯ Magnesium combined with bupivacaine produces a reduction in postoperative pain when given intraarticularly in comparison to either bupivacaine or magnesium alone, or to saline placebo.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyHaloperidol versus ondansetron for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Haloperidol is effective for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis, but there are almost no data comparing it to 5-HT(3) antagonists. ⋯ In a mixed surgical population, the efficacy and toxicity of postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis with haloperidol 1 mg was not significantly different from ondansetron 4 mg.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy.
Haloperidol, a major tranquilizer, has been found to have a potent antiemetic effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but the prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus dexamethasone on PONV has not been evaluated. We evaluated the prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus dexamethasone to either given alone, placebo or droperidol on PONV in patients undergoing a laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. ⋯ Prophylactic haloperidol 2 mg plus dexamethasone 5 mg produced a greater reduction in the incidence of PONV than did either drug used alone, placebo or droperidol without increasing perioperative adverse outcomes.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyHaloperidol plus ondansetron versus ondansetron alone for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Haloperidol 1 mg and ondansetron 4 mg are equally safe and effective for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis. We compared the combination to ondansetron alone in a mixed surgical population. ⋯ Postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis with both drugs is significantly more effective and longer lasting than ondansetron alone. There is no detectable increase in side effects.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · May 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyCombined ultrasound and neurostimulation guidance for popliteal sciatic nerve block: a prospective, randomized comparison with neurostimulation alone.
Ultrasound imaging, an effective tool to localize peripheral nerves, may facilitate block performance. However, its usefulness during popliteal sciatic nerve block has not been assessed. ⋯ Combined ultrasound and neurostimulation guidance does not decrease block time but increases the success rate of popliteal sciatic nerve block observed at 30 min.