Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jun 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe impact of primary antibiotic resistance on the efficacy of ranitidine bismuth citrate- vs. omeprazole-based one-week triple therapies in H. pylori eradication--a randomised controlled trial.
To compare ranitidine bismuth citrate with omeprazole as to their efficacy to eradicate H. pylori in two different treatment schedules both consisting of a combination of either of above with two antibiotics for 1 week, and to relate these treatment results to primary antibiotic resistance. ⋯ Ranitidine bismuth citrate in combination with clarithromycin and either metronidazole or amoxycillin produced higher eradication rates than omeprazole co-administered with the same antibiotics. This appeared especially prominent in the subgroups with clarithromycin resistance without, however, reaching statistical significance. Efficacy of neither eradication regimen was influenced by metronidazole sensitivity to a significant degree.
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Direct active euthanasia is prohibited in most countries while passive and indirect is not. However, many arguments against the legalization of voluntary active euthanasia are flawed, because a critical ethical difference between passive and active euthanasia is difficult to establish especially when the passivity of the actor causes death. The crucial point is not activity or passivity but respect for the autonomy of individual human beings. ⋯ In terminal sedation, an example for indirect euthanasia, hypoxemia and dehydration can easily be prevented by respirator therapy and fluid administration. Therefore the rule of double effect is not applicable. Indirect and direct active euthanasia cannot be ethically distinguished by resorting to the doctrine of double effect.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · Jun 2002
Review[Recommendations for prognostic assessment of cerebral hypoxia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation--Austrian Interdisciplinary Consensus Conference].
Various clinical parameters, neurological examination models, biochemical tests, electrophysiological procedures and neuro-imaging techniques have been studied with respect to the detection of cerebral hypoxia in patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. These parameters were critically evaluated by the members of the Austrian interdisciplinary consensus conference. Based on the results of scientific publications, the consensus meeting identified 26 parameters, which allow the prognostic evaluation of cerebral hypoxia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Among these parameters, however, the strength of evidence and the level of recommendation are different.
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Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. · May 2002
Review Comparative Study[Determination of glycated hemoglobins (Hb A1c)].
Glycated hemoglobin is measured as HbA1c and is the result of an irreversible non-enzymatic glycation of the beta chain of hemoglobin A. HbA1c is used routinely to assess long term glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. ⋯ This manuscript reviews the current information on glycation of hemoglobin, HbA1c determination methods, interferences and attempts for standardization. We aim at pointing out to the reader the current problems of glycated hemoglobin determination and to describe the necessary measures which need to be taken for proper measurement of HbA1c.