European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2018
Procalcitonin measurement to screen medullary thyroid carcinoma: A prospective evaluation in a series of 2705 patients with thyroid nodules.
To prospectively evaluate the role of procalcitonin (PCT) in screening of patients with thyroid nodules for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). ⋯ Measurement of PCT is a sensitive and accurate method for detecting MTC in patients with thyroid nodules and can thus be a reliable alternative to CT measurement.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2018
ReviewFilling the gap between chemical carcinogenesis and the hallmarks of cancer: A temporal perspective.
Cancer is believed to arise through the perturbation of pathways and the order of pathway perturbation events can enhance understanding and evaluation of carcinogenicity. This order has not been examined so far, and this study aimed to fill this gap by attempting to gather evidence on the potential temporal sequence of events in carcinogenesis. ⋯ Our review of hallmarks of cancer and their temporal sequence, based on mutational spectra in biopsies from different cancer sites, allowed us to propose a hypothetical temporal sequence of the hallmarks. This sequence can add molecular support to the evaluation of an agent as a carcinogen as it can be used as a conceptual framework for organising and evaluating the strength of existing evidence.
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Various endocrine signals oscillate over the 24-hour period and so does the responsiveness of target tissues. These daily oscillations do not occur solely in response to external stimuli but are also under the control of an intrinsic circadian clock. ⋯ Clock genes are associated with various endocrine disorders through complex mechanisms. However, data on humans are scarce. Moreover, clock genes exhibit a tissue-specific expression representing an additional level of regulation. Their specific role in endocrine disorders and their potential implications remain to be further clarified.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2018
Indirubin and NAD+ prevent mitochondrial ischaemia/reperfusion damage in fatty livers.
Fatty livers are considerably more susceptible to acute stressors, such as ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R). As the incidence of I/R is high due to surgical events and some pathologies, there is an urgent need to find strategies against I/R injury (I/RI) in fatty livers. We postulate that an acute pretreatment with indirubin-3'-oxime (Ind) or NAD+ prevents mitochondrial dysfunction associated with warm I/RI in fatty livers. ⋯ Pretreatment with Ind or NAD+ protects fatty livers by maintaining mitochondrial calcium homoeostasis, thus, preserving mitochondrial function and energetic balance. As such, CypD might be a new protective target against I/RI in fatty livers.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jun 2018
Elevated high-sensitive troponin T in negative stress test individuals.
The exercise ECG stress test (EST) is still the first step of work-up in intermediate risk patients in many clinical scenarios. High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) elevation is related to future cardiovascular events in the general population and in patients with ischaemic heart disease. The relation between these 2 tests is not well described. ⋯ Among subjects referred for EST as part of an annual health survey, we found no significant association between EST results to hs-cTnT detection.