European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jul 2022
Prevalence, characteristics, and impact of Adverse Events in 34 Madrid hospitals. The ESHMAD study.
Adverse Events (AE) are one of the main problems in healthcare. Therefore, many policies have been developed worldwide to mitigate their impact. The Patient Safety Incident Study in Hospitals in the Community of Madrid (ESHMAD) measures the results of them in the region. ⋯ The prevalence of AE remains similar to the previously estimated in studies developed with the same methodology. AE keep leading to longer hospital stays, contributing to patient's death, showing that it is necessary to put focus on patient safety again. A detailed analysis of these events has enabled the detection of specific areas for improvement according to the type of care, centre, and patient.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jul 2022
ReviewThe role of microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent liver disease worldwide. Gut microbiota can play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD since dysbiosis is associated with reduced bacterial diversity, altered Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, a relative abundance of alcohol-producing bacteria, or other specific genera. Changes can promote disrupted intestinal barrier and hyperpermeability, filtration of bacterial products, activation of the immune system, and pro-inflammatory changes in the intestine, in the liver, and at a systemic level. ⋯ The link between gut dysbiosis and NAFLD, however, is confused by several factors which include age, BMI, comorbidities, dietary components, and lifestyle. The role of toxic chemicals in food and water requires further studies in both gut dysbiosis and NAFLD. We can anticipate that gut microbiota manipulation will represent a potential therapeutic tool to delay or reverse the progression of NAFLD, paving the way to primary prevention measures.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jul 2022
"Obesities": Position Statement on a complex disease entity with multifaceted drivers.
Academic medicine fosters research that moves from discovery to translation, at the same time as promoting education of the next generation of professionals. In the field of obesity, the supposed integration of knowledge, discovery and translation research to clinical care is being particularly hampered. ⋯ The individual's genotype, adipotype, enterotype and microbiota interplays with macronutrient intake, appetite, metabolism and thermogenesis. Further investigations based on the concept of differently diagnosed "obesities" are required.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jul 2022
Impaired fibrin clot lysis is associated with increased mortality in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting: a long-term follow-up study.
Mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is primarily thromboembolic by nature. We investigated whether impaired fibrinolysis observed in cardiovascular diseases is associated with long-term mortality following CABG. ⋯ In this study, we showed that reduced fibrin clot susceptibility to fibrinolysis is weekly associated with long-term mortality in advanced CAD.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Jul 2022
Review Meta AnalysisInfluence of placebo effect in mental disorders research: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Randomized controlled trials (RCT) in mental disorders research commonly use active control groups including psychotherapeutic shams or inactive medication. This meta-analysis assessed whether placebo conditions (active controls) had an effect compared to no treatment or usual care (passive controls). ⋯ A small placebo effect was observed in mental disorders research overall, and in patients with anxiety or depression. These findings should be interpreted with caution in the light of heterogeneity and risk of bias.