European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2024
ReviewZinc finger proteins and ATP-binding cassette transporter-dependent multidrug resistance.
Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been identified as a key contributor to MDR. Zinc finger proteins (ZNPs) are key regulators of transcription and have emerged as potential contributors to cancer drug resistance. Bridging the knowledge gap between ZNPs and MDR is essential to understand a source of heterogeneity in cancer treatment. This review sought to elucidate how different ZNPs modulate the transcriptional regulation of ABC genes, contributing to resistance to cancer therapies. ⋯ Besides reviewing evidence on the effects of ZNP dysregulation on ABC-related chemoresistance in malignancies, significant markers of ZNP functions are discussed to highlight the clinical implications of gene-to-gene and microenvironment-to-gene interactions on MDR prospects. Future research on ZNP-derived biomarkers is crucial for addressing heterogeneity in cancer therapy.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2024
ReviewIs there any robust evidence showing that SGLT2 inhibitor predisposes to cancer?
The exact pathophysiological mechanisms of SGLT-2 inhibitors in the development, progression or treatment of malignancies are not fully understood, but multiple hypotheses have been proposed. SGLT-2 inhibitors have potential anti-proliferative roles due to several underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, such as inhibition of ATP production, activation of AMPK signalling, induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis, inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase activity and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. However, heterogeneity among tumour cells and SGLT-2 inhibitor drugs limit the generalizability of pre-clinical studies. ⋯ More large-scale pre-clinical and clinical studies are needed to explore their potential preventive and therapeutic roles of SGLT-2 inhibitors in cancer treatment. In this narrative review, our aim is to explore the pre-clinical and clinical data regarding the potential anti-cancer effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors including the hypothetical pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2024
Review Meta AnalysisPrognostic value of systemic immune-inflammation index in CAD patients: Systematic review and meta-analyses.
Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a novel inflammatory marker based on neutrophils, platelets and lymphocytes counts, which has potential prognostic value among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients as described by some observational studies. We aimed to provide higher-certainty evidence to verify the association of SII with poor outcomes of CAD patients. ⋯ Higher SII has prognostic values for adverse outcomes in CAD patients.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2024
Prognostic impact of abnormal sodium burden in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction.
Sodium abnormality is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of abnormal sodium burden on long-term mortality and hospitalization in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). ⋯ In HFpEF patients, abnormal sodium burden was an independent predictor long-term any-cause mortality and HF hospitalization.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2024
Anthropometric measures, predicted visceral adipose tissue and biomarkers of chronic inflammation.
Evidence has linked low-grade systemic inflammation and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) with development of chronic conditions. Cytokines and select proteins released by VAT may promote a low-grade inflammatory response. A number of equations have been developed to estimate VAT levels. In this study, we compared predicted VAT equation relationships with biomarkers of inflammation. ⋯ Equations for assessing VAT levels might be useful to characterise metabolic health. Further studies that examine predicted VAT relationships with disease and mortality outcomes are warranted.