European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
Does hospitalisation improve oral anticoagulant optimisation in patients with atrial fibrillation?
Hospitalisation offers an opportunity for medication review and correction, yet it has received little attention. We aimed to evaluate oral anticoagulant (OAC) use in patients with atrial fibrillation at hospital admission and discharge and determine whether hospitalisation improves care. ⋯ Hospitalisation improved OAC therapy appropriateness; however, 51.0% of patients admitted with inappropriate therapy continued without correction. An intervention that enhances the hospital care team correcting inappropriate OAC therapy is warranted.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
ReviewAdverse events and impact on quality of life of antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Antibody-drug conjugates are novel effective therapies for metastatic breast cancer. Nevertheless, their toxicity profile can significantly affect patients' quality of life over time. ⋯ This meta-analysis offers consolidated data on adverse events associated with antibody-drug conjugates and their effects on patients' quality of life, emphasizing differences based on the specific agent. These findings underscore the critical need for effective strategies to prevent, diagnose and manage these toxicities.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
Effects of glucagon-like PEPTIDE-1 receptor agonists on incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver decompensation in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and META-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver decompensation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Analysing over 641,377 patients, GLP-1RA use was associated with a significant 58% reduction in HCC risk, particularly in patients with cirrhotis. While a trend towards reduced liver decompensation risk was observed, it was not statistically significant. These findings suggest a potential role for GLP-1RAs in HCC risk stratification and prevention strategies.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
Statin treatment reduces protein carbonylation in patients with COPD: A randomized controlled study.
Protein carbonyl (PC) content, a stable marker of oxidative stress, is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and shows association with cardiovascular events. We investigated prothrombotic effects of increased PC content and its modulation by statin use in COPD. ⋯ This study shows that 3-month simvastatin therapy in COPD patients results in about 30% decrease in PC concentrations, at least in part associated with favourable changes in fibrin clot parameters.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
ReviewPharmacological treatment options for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through a common root in insulin resistance. The more severe stage, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), increases the risk for cardiovascular complications, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Several trials investigating established antidiabetic-drugs in patients with T2DM and MASLD have yielded promising results. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the effect of T2DM-drug treatment on MALSD parameters. ⋯ Studies on the value of T2DM-drug treatment in the improvement of MASLD vary significantly in study design, size and quality. GLP-1 receptor agonists, PPAR-γ-agonists, SGLT2-inhibitors may all be preferred pharmacological interventions for patients with MASLD/MASH and T2DM. Newer agents like dual GLP-1/GIP or triple GLP-1/GIP/Glucagon agonists will likely play an important role in the treatment of MASLD/MASH in the near future.