European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
ReviewPharmacological treatment options for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through a common root in insulin resistance. The more severe stage, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), increases the risk for cardiovascular complications, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Several trials investigating established antidiabetic-drugs in patients with T2DM and MASLD have yielded promising results. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the effect of T2DM-drug treatment on MALSD parameters. ⋯ Studies on the value of T2DM-drug treatment in the improvement of MASLD vary significantly in study design, size and quality. GLP-1 receptor agonists, PPAR-γ-agonists, SGLT2-inhibitors may all be preferred pharmacological interventions for patients with MASLD/MASH and T2DM. Newer agents like dual GLP-1/GIP or triple GLP-1/GIP/Glucagon agonists will likely play an important role in the treatment of MASLD/MASH in the near future.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
Statin treatment reduces protein carbonylation in patients with COPD: A randomized controlled study.
Protein carbonyl (PC) content, a stable marker of oxidative stress, is increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and shows association with cardiovascular events. We investigated prothrombotic effects of increased PC content and its modulation by statin use in COPD. ⋯ This study shows that 3-month simvastatin therapy in COPD patients results in about 30% decrease in PC concentrations, at least in part associated with favourable changes in fibrin clot parameters.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
ReviewImpact of heart failure medications on cognitive function: A systematic review.
Heart failure (HF) often coexists with cognitive impairment and accelerates cognitive decline. However, the impact of HF medications on cognition has received limited attention. This review evaluates the evidence on the cognitive effects of currently recommended medication classes for HF. ⋯ Guideline-recommended HF medication classes appear to have neutral effects on cognitive function, and some may even offer cognitive benefits. However, the limited number and mostly observational nature of studies prevent firm conclusions. Further research is necessary to better understand the cognitive impact of HF medications.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
Body composition markers are more strongly associated with type 2 diabetes than inflammatory markers-Results from the study of health in Pomerania.
Evidence links body composition and inflammatory markers with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the comparative analysis of body composition markers derived from different modalities and inflammatory markers in relation to T2D remains unexplored. This study aims to evaluate and compare the association of body composition and inflammatory markers with T2D. ⋯ Body composition markers seem to be more tightly associated with prevalent T2D compared to inflammatory markers.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Feb 2025
Meta AnalysisDiabetes and the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among older adults: an individual participant data analysis of five prospective studies.
Guidelines and studies provide conflicting information on whether type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be considered a coronary heart disease risk (CHD) equivalent in older adults. ⋯ T2D was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in older adults, but T2D without CHD conferred lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to CHD without T2D. Our results suggest that T2D should not be considered a CHD risk equivalent in older adults.