Medicine
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Case Reports
Case report of concomitant avulsion fractures of the medial meniscus and posterior cruciate ligament.
Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the strongest ligament of the knee, and avulsion fractures of PCL are a very rare type of injury. These injuries occur as a result of high-energy traumas, and different accompanying pathologies may be seen. However, tibial avulsion fracture of the PCL associated with a medial meniscus (MM) avulsion fracture has never been reported before. We want to present this unique type of posteromedial knee injury as a case report. ⋯ Anatomical reduction and stable fixation of these intra-articular fractures are essential for the stability of the knee. The posterior approach should be kept in mind to access these types of fractures safely. Care should be taken in terms of other injuries that may accompany the PCL avulsion fractures caused by high-energy traumas.
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Vitexin is a natural active ingredient in hawthorn leaves, which has a wide range of anti-tumor effects. This study was conducted to assess the protective effect of hawthorn vitexin on the ethanol-injured DNA of hepatocytes in vitro and to explore its mechanism. The effect of different concentrations of hawthorn vitexin on ethanol-injured hepatocytes was detected via the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method to study the protective effect of hawthorn vitexin on ethanol-injured DNA damage in hepatocytes. ⋯ It was showed that 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg mL-1 hawthorn vitexin could significantly repair hepatocyte growth and ethanol-induced DNA damage. This effect was closely related to the improvement in superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde, and glutathione peroxidase. Hawthorn vitexin could be used to repair ethanol-injured hepatocytes through antioxidation effects, and showed potential for the treatment of liver injury.
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Observational Study
Clinical and sociodemographic determinants of disease progression in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in the United States.
One fifth of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can increase the risk of cirrhosis, cancer, and death. To date, reported predictors of NASH progression have been heterogeneous. We identified determinants of fibrosis progression in patients with NASH in the United States using physician-reported data from the real-world Global Assessment of the Impact of NASH (GAIN) study, including demographics and clinical characteristics, NASH diagnostic information, fibrosis stage, comorbidities, and treatment. ⋯ Odds of progression were also higher with part-time, retired, unemployed, and unable to work due to NASH status versus full-time employment, and when a liver transplant was proposed at diagnosis. Disease duration and severity, obesity, smoking, and lack of full-time employment were significant determinants of fibrosis progression. These findings can support clinical and health-policy decisions to improve NASH management in the US.
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Literature provides unclear evidence of the effectiveness of many physiotherapy interventions on pain intensity, quality of life, and functional ability in hemophilic patients, and suggests that rehabilitation programs should be focused on functional goals and the disability of patients. ⋯ A rehabilitation program focused on individual impairment of patients with hemophylia determined satisfying results in terms of pain control, functional, and disability improvement in 3 months follow-up.
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The diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) remains a clinical challenge, reliable biomarkers that can easily distinguish BA and other forms of intrahepatic cholestasis (IC) are urgently needed. Differentially expressed genes were identified by R software. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and support vector machine algorithms were used to filter the diagnostic biomarkers of BA. ⋯ The ANKRD1 and SPP1 was negatively correlated with regulatory T cells. In conclusion, the ANKRD1 and SPP1 could potentially provide extra guidance in discriminating BA and IC. The immune cell infiltration of BA gives us new insight to explore its pathogenesis.