Medicine
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Alzheimer disease (AD), as the main type of dementia, is primarily characterized by cognitive dysfunction across multiple domains. Current drugs for AD have not achieved the desired clinical efficacy due to potential risks, inapplicability, high costs, significant side effects, and poor patient compliance. ⋯ Furthermore, it provides an overview of recent advances in clinical research on this drug. These findings suggest that SGLT-2i is poised to emerge as a pivotal candidate for the treatment of AD, given its diverse functional effects.
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Review Case Reports
Two complicated cases of severe scrub typhus, eschar- a non-negligible sign: Case reports and literature review.
Scrub typhus is a mite-borne, acute febrile disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. The endemic areas of scrub typhus are expanding, both globally and in China. Patients who are not treated promptly, are likely to die of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. ⋯ With early diagnosis and treatment, patients can completely recover. Eschar, a characteristic sign of scrub typhus, is often overlooked, leading to delayed diagnosis and regrettable outcomes.
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The objective of this study is to illustrate the advantages of robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopy in lumbar decompression fusion and internal fixation surgery. According to the different surgical methods, we divided the 26 patients into 2 groups, robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar interbody fusion (R-ULIF) group and percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression and interbody fusion (Endo-LIF) group, with a 1:1 ratio. Gender, disease course, lesion site, fluoroscopy times, operative time, blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, screw placement success rate, fusion rate, complications rate, postoperative pain visual analog scale (VAS) (The VAS score is used only to evaluate pain in the lower back and legs.) Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) (The ODI score can serve as a reference indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment for patients with low back pain, and has good responsiveness in assessing patients with chronic low back pain), and MacNab (The MacNab standard is divided into 4 levels: excellent, good, fair, and poor, which can be used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of certain spinal surgeries) standard efficacy evaluation were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups. ⋯ The R-ULIF group has an excellent and good rate of 84.6%, while the Endo-LIF group has an excellent and good rate of 76.9% (P = 1.000). Robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar interbody and fusion surgery has shown short-term clinical efficacy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation combined with lumbar instability, surpassing endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion surgery. Robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar interbody and fusion surgery has demonstrated high success rate in screw placement, minimal radiation exposure, less intraoperative blood loss, shorter hospital stay, and thus deserves further clinical promotion.
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Observational Study
Characterization of growth arrest-specific transcript 5 and growth arrest-specific transcript 5-related m6A gene signature in glioma: An observational study.
Glioma remains a significant clinical challenge and poses a dismal patient prognosis. This study focused on the long noncoding ribonucleic acid growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) and explored the role of GAS5 and GAS5-related m6A genes in glioma. We explored the mechanisms of GAS5 expression in glioma using bioinformatic analysis based on glioma data from the Cancer Genome Atlas, GSE1142, and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases. ⋯ GAS5 and HNRNPC expressions reflected the malignant grade of glioma and are associated with prognosis. The abnormal expression of GAS5 could be an important biomarker for guiding erlotinib and gemcitabine use in glioma treatment. GAS5 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins C1/C2 are potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for glioma.
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Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder targeting exocrine glands, causing symptoms such as dry eyes and mouth. It often goes underdiagnosed due to its varied presentations, emphasizing the importance of early and accurate diagnosis. ⋯ This case underscores the importance of being aware of SS in younger demographics and the necessity for a prompt and multifaceted treatment approach to manage systemic effects and improve quality of life.