Medicine
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Observational Study
Diagnostic utility of Cyttel-Tech in identifying meningeal metastases from malignant solid tumors: An observational study.
To investigate the value of circulating tumor cell (CTC) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by Cyttel-Tech detection in patients with suspected leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) from malignant solid tumors. We collected CSF from 12 patients with suspected LM from malignant solid tumors at our hospital. Twelve milliliters (mL) of CSF were collected from each patient through the first lumbar puncture: 5 mL was for CTC detection by Cyttel-Tech method, 5 mL for CSF cytopathology examination, and 2 mL for cytology and biochemical analysis of the CSF. ⋯ The difference between CTC detection and cytopathology detection was statistically significant (P < .05). CTC detection may have a high positivity rate in diagnosing LM from malignant solid tumors. It potentially serves as a supplementary diagnostic method for patients with negative pathology results and be used for rapid and accurate adjunctive diagnosis of LM.
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Cysteine cathepsins are a family of lysosomal proteases that are often overexpressed in several human malignancies and haves been linked to cellular genomic alterations, disturbances in genomic stability, and the onset and spread of cancer. Recent studies have shown alterations in cysteine cathepsins in malignant ovarian tumors. However, it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between ovarian cancer, and its subtypes, and the cathepsin family. ⋯ Multivariate analysis, adjusted for 9 different cathepsins as covariates, confirmed the genetic relationships between cathepsin L2 and low-grade serous ovarian cancer and between cathepsin H and clear cell ovarian cancer. Our results suggest a causal relationship between cathepsins and ovarian malignancy and its subtypes. Cathepsin L2 has a protective effect on low-grade serous ovarian cancer, whereas cathepsin H is an adverse risk factor for clear cell ovarian cancer.
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Observational Study
Nonlinear association of alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio with all-cause and cancer mortality: Evidence from NHANES 2005 to 2016.
The relationship between the alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio (APAR) and mortality remains unclear. This research looked into the association between APAR levels and cause-specific mortality in US adults. A cohort of 7561 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2016) was analyzed, with mortality outcomes collected from National Death Index records. ⋯ Thresholds of 1.289 and 2.167 might serve as potential targets for APAR to reduce all-cause and cancer mortality, respectively. Our findings suggest that APAR can be a valuable prognostic tool for clinical mortality risk assessments, helping to identify individuals at higher risk. Nevertheless, these findings necessitate validation through large-scale clinical trials for further substantiation.
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Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Patient self-management plays a pivotal role in enhancing outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by this disease. This study employed bibliometric and visual analysis techniques utilizing CiteSpace to elucidate the current status and research hotspots in breast cancer patient self-management from January 1, 2005, to August 31, 2023. ⋯ Research in breast cancer self-management is experiencing significant growth. Enhanced collaboration between countries, regions, and institutions is imperative. Further investigation is warranted, particularly in the domains of "quality of life," "patient education," and "mobile health." These findings provide valuable insights to guide future research directions in this critical field.
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Recent studies have demonstrated a correlation between salt intake (SI) and various diseases. However, it remains uncertain whether the relationship between SI (including salt added to food and sodium levels in urine) and benign osteoarthritis is causal. To investigate this, we conducted a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the causal impact of SI on osteoarthritis (OA). ⋯ Our results, primarily based on the IVW method, support the existence of a causal relationship between salt added to food and knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Specifically, salt added to food was associated with a decreased risk of KOA (OR = 1.248, P = .024, 95% CI: 1.030-1.512). This study is the first MR investigation exploring the causal relationship between salt added to food and KOA, potentially providing new insights and a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of KOA in the future.