Medicine
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This study investigates the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and examines its association with various metabolic parameters. Conducted as a cross-sectional study at King Saud University, Riyadh, it included 294 Saudi adults aged 25 to 65 years, comprising 119 T2DM patients, 80 prediabetics, and 95 nondiabetic controls. Participants underwent physical examinations, and fasting blood samples were analyzed for glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, and serum magnesium levels. ⋯ The area under the curve for serum magnesium in predicting HbA1c > 5.7 was 0.88, and for HbA1c ≥ 6.5, it was 0.91, indicating high diagnostic accuracy. These findings suggest that magnesium deficiency significantly impacts the metabolic profile of T2DM patients in Riyadh. Therefore, routine monitoring of magnesium levels is crucial in diabetes management, and further research is needed to explore the benefits of magnesium supplementation in T2DM care.
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Case Reports
Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation for congenital ectropion uveae with glaucoma: A case report.
Congenital ectropion uveae (CEU) is a rare, nonprogressive anomaly characterized by the proliferation of the iris pigment epithelium on the anterior surface of the iris, often associated with glaucoma. Due to its rarity and complexity, standardized glaucoma surgical management is limited. To our knowledge, the application of glaucoma drainage devices in CEU is rarely documented. Here, we report a case of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation for unilateral CEU associated with glaucoma. ⋯ Although CEU is rare, ophthalmologists should remain vigilant to avoid missed diagnoses due to its high association with glaucoma. AGV implantation with mitomycin C may be considered an effective surgical management for adult patients with late-onset glaucoma secondary to CEU.
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Psychogenic tremor (PT) is the most common subtype of psychogenic movement disorder, characterized by involuntary movement, and is usually related to occupational injuries or accidents. Psychogenic movement disorder falls under the category of functional neurological disorders, which are diagnosed based on the criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. ⋯ In our case, the patient's PT resolved entirely with education alone, differing from previous cases that included psychotherapy and medication, emphasizing the importance of the doctor-patient relationship and the need for future research on effective approaches to delivering diagnosis to patients.
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Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus undergoing glucocorticoid treatment to prevent neonatal respiratory distress syndrome could have increased glucose level. We performed a retrospective study and reviewed gestational diabetic women who received an intramuscular dexamethasone injection (6 mg, every 12 hours, 4 times) in our hospital between December 2018 and June 2020. Eligible pregnant women were assigned to the study group (with simultaneous subcutaneous insulin detemir injection, 2-4 units per day) or the control group (without insulin detemir injection). ⋯ There were no statistically significant differences in the fasting blood glucose levels between the 2 groups. Dexamethasone administration increased the blood glucose levels in the pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. A short-course of low-dose insulin detemir administration effectively lowered the blood glucose levels in these women.
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Case Reports
The treatment of continuous double-level lumbar degenerated disease with PE-TLIF: A case report.
Percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PE-TLIF) is a minimally invasive surgical approach for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases, Due to the high incidence of surgical complications and long operative time, the cases reported in previous literature were focused on single segment lumbar degenerative diseases. In our study, we present 2 patients who had continuous double-level lumbar degenerated disease. ⋯ The patients of continuous double-level lumbar degenerated disease treated with PE-TLIF may provide significant support in selecting the appropriate treatments for similar cases and increase the surgical indications for PE-TLIF.