Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of gaze stability exercises on balance, gait ability, and fall efficacy in patients with chronic stroke: A 2-week follow-up from a randomized controlled trial.
This study aimed to examine the effect of gaze stability exercises on balance, gait ability, and fall efficacy in patients with chronic stroke, as well as to investigate whether any observed effects were maintained 2 weeks later. ⋯ As a result, for stroke patients, gaze stability exercise is an effective arbitration method to improve balance and gait ability and fall efficacy. With balance exercise combined with gaze stability exercise, a greater effect can be seen than with gaze stability exercise or balance exercise alone. Thus, this combination exercise program can be recommended as effective.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy for pediatric achalasia: A nationwide study.
Achalasia, a rare esophageal motility disorder characterized by the inability of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax and loss of esophageal peristalsis, significantly impacts pediatric patient quality of life through symptoms like dysphagia, chest pain, and weight loss. This nationwide retrospective cohort study evaluates the efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for pediatric achalasia in Mongolia, contributing to the limited global data on this minimally invasive treatment in children. Conducted between February 2020 and March 2022 at 2 tertiary centers, the study included symptomatic achalasia patients, treatment-naive or those with unsatisfactory outcomes from previous esophageal dilations. ⋯ More precisely, the integrated relaxation pressure showed a significant improvement from a mean of 26.8 mm Hg (standard deviation [SD], 5.4 mm Hg) pre-procedure to 10.8 mm Hg (SD, 1.1 mm Hg) 12 months (P < .001). Similarly, Eckardt scores, which assess symptom severity, improved significantly from a pre-procedure mean of 7.0 (SD, 1.0) to a substantially lower score post-procedure (P < .001), reflecting enhanced patient quality of life and symptom alleviation. This study underscores POEM's role as an effective, minimally invasive option for pediatric achalasia management within the Mongolian population, offering significant symptomatic relief and improved esophageal function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of joint mobilization of Maitland on chronic ankle instability: A randomized trial.
The aim of study was to observe the therapeutic effect of joint mobilization of Maitland on subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI). ⋯ Maitland therapy is effective in the treatment of CAI. Conventional rehabilitation assisted by Maitland therapy were beneficial to improve pain and functional state in patients with CAI than only routine rehabilitation.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Percutaneous nucleoplasty and intradiscal electrothermal therapy in the management of lumbar discogenic pain: A retrospective comparative study.
Percutaneous lumbar nucleoplasty (PLN) and intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) are effective treatment options for discogenic low back pain (D-LBP). We evaluated the effectiveness of PLN and IDET and the positive predictive factors associated with intradiscal procedures. We reviewed the medical records of 205 patients who underwent IDET or PLN in patients with D-LBP followed by positive provocation discography. ⋯ No serious complications related to the intradiscal procedures were reported during the 6-month follow-up period. PLN and IDET might be effective for managing low back pain (LBP) from internal disc disruption (IDD). The high-grade Modified Dallas Discogram, a procedure at the L3/4 spinal level, and the absence of neuropsychiatric disorders could be positive factors for the successful outcome of the intradiscal procedure.
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Malnutrition early in life may have adverse effects on health later in life. The relationship between malnutrition and obesity parameters (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]) and type 2 diabetes is inconsistent. This study aimed to identify the effects of famine exposure and obesity parameters on type 2 diabetes individually or in combination among middle-aged and older adults in China. ⋯ In the interaction analysis, there existed a trend of higher odds for prevalence of type 2 diabetes across all groups compared to the combination of no-exposed and normal BMI/WC level group (the most increase in odds, adolescence/adulthood-exposed group with central obesity in WC levels: OR 4.51 (95% CI = 3.42-5.95); adolescence/adulthood-exposed group with obesity in BMI levels: OR 5.84 (95% CI = 4.11-8.30; P for interaction <.001). The findings for females exhibited similar to the overall participants, when by gender stratification. Our results suggest famine exposure and obesity parameters have positive combined effects on type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults in China.