Medicine
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Comparative Study
Autograft versus sterilized allograft for lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomies: Comparison of 50 patients.
Sterilized allografts may be less resistant to collapse and prone to nonunion leading to loss of correction in open wedge osteotomies. These adverse events usually occur at early time points (i.e., < 9 months postoperatively). The goal of this study was to compare sterilized allografts to autologous grafts in respect to secondary loss of hindfoot alignment and graft incorporation after lateral calcaneal lengthening osteotomies. ⋯ However, loss of correction was associated with failure of graft incorporation. Compared with autografts, sterilized allografts do not increase the risk for loss of hindfoot alignment in lateral column lengthening of the calcaneus. With respect to mechanical resistance, allografts thus mean an equal and valid alternative without risk of donor site morbidities.
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Review Meta Analysis
Thr105Ile (rs11558538) polymorphism in the histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) gene and risk for Parkinson disease: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis.
Several neuropathological, biochemical, and pharmacological data suggested a possible role of histamine in the etiopathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs11558538 in the histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) gene has been associated with the risk of developing PD by several studies but not by some others. We carried out a systematic review that included all the studies published on PD risk related to the rs11558538 SNP, and we conducted a meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. ⋯ The present meta-analysis confirms published evidence suggesting that the HNMT rs11558538 minor allele is related to a reduced risk of developing PD.
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Case Reports
First totally laparoscopic ALPPS procedure with selective hepatic artery clamping: Case report of a new technique.
ALPPS (Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy) is a new surgical approach for the treatment of liver tumors. It is indicated in cases where the future liver remnant is not sufficient to maintain postoperative liver function. We report a totally laparoscopic ALPPS with selective hepatic artery clamping. Pneumoperitoneum itself results in up to 53% of portal vein flow and selective hepatic artery clamping can reduce blood loss while maintaining hepatocellular function. Therefore, the combination of both techniques may result in effective control of bleeding with no damage in the liver function that may have direct impact in the result of ALPPS procedure. ⋯ Totally laparoscopic ALPPS is a feasible and safe approach for selected patients with liver tumors. The hypertrophy of the remaining liver was adequate and sequential procedures were performed without morbidity and no mortality. Selective hepatic artery clamping seems to be an interesting solution to decrease intraoperative blood loss without the harsh effect of Pringle maneuver.
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive cases have been reported among people who injected drugs in Liangshan Prefecture in southwest of China since 1995 and Liangshan has become one of the most seriously affected epidemic areas in China. In 2004, several patients with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) initiated antiretroviral treatment (ART) at the Central Hospital of Liangshan Prefecture. From 2005 to 2013, the number of patients receiving ART dramatically increased. ⋯ Patients with a baseline CD4 cell count <50/mm (AHR = 9.8, 95% CI: 6.0-15.9), 50-199/mm (AHR = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.3-4.6), and 200-349/mm (AHR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2-2.3) were at a higher risk of death than those with a CD4 cell count ≥350/mm. ART prolonged survival time of patients with HIV/AIDS and improved their survival probability. Patients with HIV/AIDS should be consistently followed up and the CD4 T-cell count regularly monitored, and timely and early antiretroviral therapy initiated in order to achieve a better survival rate.
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Observational Study
Can orthopedic surgeons help create a better head start for osteoporosis treatment after hip fracture?
Treatment for osteoporosis in the community in patients who were operated for hip fracture appears to be suboptimal at best. Evidence regarding treatment beyond the 1st year after surgery is scarce. We examined the association between discharge recommendations for treatment of osteoporosis in patients suffering from hip fractures and treatment beyond the 1st year. ⋯ A formal recommendation for osteoporosis treatment in the discharge letters of patients who suffered hip fragility fractures increases treatment rate of osteoporosis in the community compared with patients without a recommendation. Patients who receive such a recommendation but also have a formal coded diagnosis of osteoporosis in their medical files have an even higher chance of receiving treatment in the community. Our observations may assist in amplifying the overall treatment rates, which are still undoubtedly low.