The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse
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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse · Jan 2007
Reciprocal influence of parent discipline and child's behavior on risk for substance use disorder: a nine-year prospective study.
This study aimed at determining the association of father's and mother's (parental) substance use disorder (SUD) and discipline styles and son's neurobehavior disinhibition (ND) with son's SUD from childhood (age 10-12) to young adulthood (age 19). It was hypothesized that (1) parental discipline styles and son's ND mediate the association between parental SUD and son's SUD, (2) son's ND mediates the association between parental discipline styles and son's SUD, and (3) parental discipline styles mediate the association between ND and SUD in the son. ⋯ The reciprocal prediction between son's ND and father's punishment and prediction of father's punishment by mother's punishment point to the need for family-based interventions that take into account the quality of specific dyadic interactions pertaining to discipline behaviors that amplify the risk for SUD in male children.
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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse · Jan 2007
Comparative StudyPast-year violence typologies among patients with cocaine-related chest pain.
This study examines a consecutive cohort of patients (n = 219) presenting to an urban Emergency Department (ED) for cocaine-related chest pain (June 2002 to February 2005). Patients were interviewed regarding violence, substance use, and psychosocial factors. ⋯ Rates and correlates of violence differed by relationship type (intimate partner, nonpartner) and role context (victimization, perpetration). Understanding these correlates has public health implications, both for preventing future violence and its associated ED service utilization, and for future interventions in cocaine users presenting to the ED.
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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse · Jan 2007
Comparative StudyQuality of life among heroin users on buprenorphine versus methadone maintenance.
To assess the quality of life (QoL) of heroin users starting and following 4 and 8 months of maintenance treatment program using buprenorphine vs. methadone. ⋯ The results show the beneficial effects of the maintenance treatment programs using both buprenorphine and methadone with regard to satisfaction with QoL and all specific life domains among heroin-dependent outpatients, with methadone having an earlier onset than buprenorphine. Further studies are needed to identify the factors linked to these benefits and their time course.
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Nonmedical prescription (Rx) drug use has recently increased, particularly among young adults. Using time-space sampling to generate a probability-based sample of club-going young adults (18-29), 400 subjects provided data on Rx drug misuse. Club-going young adults misuse Rx drugs at high rates. ⋯ Variations by gender and sexuality exist in this population. Young lesbian/bisexual women emerged as the group most likely to abuse Rx drugs. Research into the contexts influencing these patterns is imperative.
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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse · Jan 2007
Physical and mental health functioning of urban HIV-infected and uninfected mothers with problem drinking.
Problem drinking is of great concern for mothers, especially those who are HIV-infected. We compared background characteristics, co-occurring drug use, and physical and mental health functioning of urban HIV-infected and uninfected mothers with problem drinking who were raising adolescents. ⋯ Health outcomes for mothers with problem drinking do not appear to be exacerbated by HIV status. Implications for intervention efforts with mothers and their adolescent children are discussed.