The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse
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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse · Jan 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialPalonosetron and hydroxyzine pre-treatment reduces the objective signs of experimentally-induced acute opioid withdrawal in humans: a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study.
Treatments for reducing opioid withdrawal are limited and prone to problematic side effects. Laboratory studies, clinical observations, and limited human trial data suggest 5-HT3-receptor antagonists and antihistamines may be effective. ⋯ Pretreatment with palonosetron significantly reduced many signs of experimentally-induced opioid withdrawal. Co-administration with hydroxyzine further reduced opioid withdrawal severity. These results suggest that 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, alone or in combination with an antihistamine, may be useful in the treatment of opioid withdrawal.
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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse · Jan 2017
Marijuana use and viral suppression in persons receiving medical care for HIV-infection.
Marijuana use is common among persons living with HIV (PLWH), but studies on its effect on HIV clinical outcomes are limited. ⋯ In this sample of PLWH receiving medical care in Florida, there was no statistically significant association between marijuana use and viral suppression. However, as the limits of the confidence intervals include effects that may be considered to be clinically important, there is a need for additional evidence from other samples and settings that include more marijuana users.