The American journal of sports medicine
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Inversion ankle trauma is disabling, yet little is known regarding the incidence rate of first-time ankle sprains and how it is influenced by factors including sex, level of competition, and sport. ⋯ In this study of first-time ankle sprains, for most sports, the incidence rate of inversion injury is less than 1 per 1000 days of exposure to sport, a value lower than previously reported. Among female athletes, ankle injury is associated with type of sport. Risk is highest for female basketball athletes, who are at significantly greater risk than male basketball athletes and female lacrosse athletes. The risk of first-time ankle injury is similar for high school and college-level athletes.
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Chronic lateral epicondylitis has been treated with various surgical procedures with varying and often less-than-satisfactory outcomes. ⋯ The use of a suture anchor to repair the extensor carpi radialis brevis to the epicondyle after debridement was a satisfactory procedure for recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis with regard to strength, return to previous activities, and pain relief.
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To date, the morphological, biochemical, and biomechanical characteristics of articular cartilage in osteochondral allografts that have been stored have not been fully described. ⋯ Surgeons who perform this procedure should understand the cartilage characteristics of the graft after 21 days of commercial storage in serum-free media.
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Although 10% postoperative patellar tendon shortening after bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament has been reported, there are no published studies assessing the effect of shortening on patellofemoral joint biomechanics under physiological loading conditions. ⋯ Our results suggest that a 10% shortening of the patellar tendon does not alter patellar contact stresses during locomotion. It is not clear whether apparent changes in contact location in all positions and contact area at 15 degrees would have clinical consequences.
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The application of radiofrequency energy to smooth and stabilize the cartilage surface has become increasingly controversial. There is little knowledge on extended-term effects, such as cartilage viability. ⋯ Caution is recommended in the application of monopolar radiofrequency energy by visual control to partial-thickness cartilage defects. Irregular fronds of chondromalacia may be unattractive but represent viable articular cartilage. Using radiofrequency to obtain a more visually pleasing smooth surface may be counterproductive.