Spine
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Comparative Study
The effects of the degenerative changes in the functional spinal unit on the kinematics of the cervical spine.
The sagittal kinematics of the cervical spine was evaluated using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI). ⋯ Our results suggest that cervical cord compression may cause deterioration of cervical cord function and kinematic changes in the cervical spine. We hypothesize that the spinal cord may potentially protect its functions from dynamic mechanical cord compression by restricting segmental motion, and these mechanisms may be closely related to the intervertebral discs.
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Comparative Study
Posterior atlanto-axial arthrodesis for fixation of odontoid nonunions.
A retrospective case series. ⋯ In summary, we had a satisfactory outcome after surgical treatment of odontoid nonunions in patients with atlanto-axial instability and severe motion pain at the cervical spine. With a bony union rate of 100% and a noticeable improvement of clinical results and neurologic function, posterior atlanto-axial arthrodesis seems to be an appropriate option for nonunited odontoid fractures that require surgical stabilization.
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The level of Tuffier's line was assessed on 200 standing and 60 prone lumbar radiographs. Sex, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were correlated with the radiograph findings. ⋯ Tuffier's line demonstrated predictable sex-related differences: men had an intercristal line that most often intersected the L4 body or inferior endplate whereas the women's intercristal line most often intersected the L5 body or superior endplate. However, because the actual level of Tuffier's line may vary from the L4 body to the L5 body, the intercristal line is insufficient to use as the sole landmark for assessing spinal segmental level.
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Review
The effect of relative needle diameter in puncture and sham injection animal models of degeneration.
Biomechanical study and literature review. ⋯ A needle puncture may directly alter mechanical properties via nucleus pulposus depressurization and/or anulus fibrosus damage, depending on the relative needle size. As more basic science research is aimed at treating disc degeneration via injection of therapeutic factors, these findings provide guidance in design of animal studies. Such studies should consider the relative needle size and include sham control groups to account for the potential effects of the needle injection.
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Comparative Study
Minimal invasive short posterior instrumentation plus balloon kyphoplasty with calcium phosphate for burst and severe compression lumbar fractures.
Prospective consecutive series. ⋯ Balloon kyphoplasty with calcium phosphate cement combined with posterior segmental short minimal invasive fixation for fresh burst and severe compression lumbar fractures provided excellent immediate reduction of post-traumatic segmental kyphosis with simultaneous reduction of spinal canal encroachment and restoration of vertebral body height in the fracture level.