AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2013
Comparative StudyComparison of readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (EPI) and single-shot EPI in clinical application of diffusion-weighted imaging of the pediatric brain.
Readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (EPI) has been suggested as an alternative to single-shot EPI for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with reduced distortion. However, clinical comparisons of readout-segmented EPI and EPI DWI are limited by unmatched imaging parameters and reconstruction procedures. Our goal was to compare the clinical utility of generalized autocalibrating partial parallel acquisition (GRAPPA)-accelerated readout-segmented EPI DWI with GRAPPA-accelerated EPI DWI for visualization of the pediatric brain in regions prone to distortion, such as the orbit, skull base, and posterior fossa. ⋯ This study shows the benefits of improved resolution and reduced distortion of readout-segmented EPI in evaluating the orbit, skull base, and posterior fossa, sites of common neuropathologic abnormalities in children.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2013
Comparative StudyModel-based iterative reconstruction versus adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction and filtered back projection in liver 64-MDCT: focal lesion detection, lesion conspicuity, and image noise.
The purpose of this study is to compare three CT image reconstruction algorithms for liver lesion detection and appearance, subjective lesion conspicuity, and measured noise. ⋯ In routine-dose clinical CT of the liver, MBIR resulted in comparable lesion detection, lesion characterization, and subjective lesion conspicuity, but significantly lower background noise and higher contrast-to-noise ratio compared with ASIR or FBP. This finding suggests that further investigation of the use of MBIR to enable dose reduction in liver CT is warranted.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2013
Comparative StudyUltrasound for differentiation between perforated and nonperforated appendicitis in pediatric patients.
Acute appendicitis is the most common condition requiring emergency surgery in children. Differentiation of perforated from nonperforated appendicitis is important because perforated appendicitis may initially be managed conservatively whereas nonperforated appendicitis requires immediate surgical intervention. CT has been proved effective in identifying appendiceal perforation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether perforated and nonperforated appendicitis in children can be similarly differentiated with ultrasound. ⋯ Ultrasound is effective for differentiation of perforated from nonperforated appendicitis in children.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2013
Retrospective review of diagnosis and treatment in children presenting to the pediatric department with acute scrotum.
Testicular torsion is a common acute condition in boys requiring prompt accurate management. The objective of this article was to evaluate ultrasound accuracy, findings, and clinical predictors in testicular torsion in boys presenting to the Stollery pediatric emergency department with acute scrotal pain. ⋯ Color Doppler ultrasound is accurate and sensitive for diagnosis of torsion in the setting of acute scrotum. Despite heterogeneity on preoperative ultrasound, many testes were considered to be salvageable at surgery. The salvage rate of torsed testes was high.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · May 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of dual-energy subtraction and electronic bone suppression combined with computer-aided detection on chest radiographs: effect on human observers' performance in nodule detection.
The objective of our study was to compare the effect of dual-energy subtraction and bone suppression software alone and in combination with computer-aided detection (CAD) on the performance of human observers in lung nodule detection. ⋯ Dual-energy subtraction and the electronic bone suppression program used in this study provided similar detection rates for pulmonary nodules. Additionally, CAD alone or combined with bone suppression can significantly improve the sensitivity of human observers for pulmonary nodule detection.