AJR. American journal of roentgenology
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jan 2021
Multicenter StudyAssociation of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) With Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes: A Case-Control Study.
BACKGROUND. An increase in frequency of acute ischemic strokes has been observed among patients presenting with acute neurologic symptoms during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVE. ⋯ COVID-19 is associated with LVO strokes but not with SVO strokes. CLINICAL IMPACT. Patients with COVID-19 presenting with acute neurologic symptoms warrant a lower threshold for suspicion of large vessel stroke, and prompt workup for large vessel stroke is recommended.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jan 2021
Trends in Use of Diagnostic Imaging for Abdominal Pain in U.S. Emergency Departments.
OBJECTIVE. CT has excellent accuracy for appendicitis but is associated with risks. Research and educational campaigns have been conducted to implement an ultrasound-first strategy for children but not for adults. ⋯ CONCLUSION. CT use has decreased in the evaluation of abdominal pain in children, perhaps because of research findings and efforts to implement an ultrasound-first strategy for suspected appendicitis. In contrast, CT use has continued to increase among adults with abdominal pain in EDs.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jan 2021
Comparative StudyCT Manifestations of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pneumonia and Influenza Virus Pneumonia: A Comparative Study.
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in CT manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia and those of influenza virus pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS. ⋯ CONCLUSION. Most lesions in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were located in the peripheral zone and close to the pleura, whereas influenza virus pneumonia was more prone to show mucoid impaction and pleural effusion. However, differentiating between COVID-19 pneumonia and influenza virus pneumonia in clinical practice remains difficult.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jan 2021
A 3D-2D Hybrid U-Net Convolutional Neural Network Approach to Prostate Organ Segmentation of Multiparametric MRI.
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the United States with more than 200,000 new cases in 2018. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is increasingly used for prostate cancer evaluation. Prostate organ segmentation is an essential step of surgical planning for prostate fusion biopsies. Deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the predominant method of machine learning for medical image recognition. In this study, we describe a deep learning approach, a subset of artificial intelligence, for automatic localization and segmentation of prostates from mpMRI. ⋯ A deep learning CNN can automatically segment the prostate organ from clinical MR images. Further studies should examine developing pattern recognition for lesion localization and quantification.
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AJR Am J Roentgenol · Jan 2021
Lung Ultrasound Findings in Patients With Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19).
OBJECTIVE. Although chest CT is the standard imaging modality in early diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the use of lung ultrasound (US) presents some advantages over the use of chest CT and may play a complementary role in the workup of COVID-19. The objective of our study was to investigate US findings in patients with COVID-19 and the relationship of the US findings with the duration of symptoms and disease severity. ⋯ CONCLUSION. Typical lung US findings in patients with COVID-19 included B-lines, pulmonary consolidation, and a thickened pleural line. In addition, our results indicate that lung US findings can be be used to reflect both the infection duration and disease severity.