Research in nursing & health
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Fear and pulmonary stress behaviors to an asphyxial threat across cognitive states.
The purpose of this exploratory study was to identify behaviors that may signify respiratory distress across cognitive states in response to an asphyxial threat. Patients undergoing a ventilator weaning trial were assessed and observed at baseline and during weaning with a capnograph/oximeter and video camera. Cognitive state was categorized at baseline, and an emotion report was elicited after the trial. ⋯ Gender differences characterized emotion reporting. An asphyxial threat may induce an innate array of behaviors that cannot be volitionally controlled and that may have the same appearance across cognitive states. Recognizing respiratory distress behaviors may improve nursing care of patients who are cognitively impaired.
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The purpose of this study was to examine whether nurses' recommendations for managing children's pain were influenced by stereotypes based on children's personal attributes. Three vignettes, in which hospitalized children's sex, race, and attractiveness were experimentally manipulated, were mailed to a national random sample of 700 pediatric nurses; 334 nurses responded. ⋯ Nurses, on average, perceived children's pain at levels consistent with the children's self-reports and recommended assertive analgesic and non-pharmacologic pain management strategies. The results appear consistent with prevailing views on providing adequate pain treatment for children.