Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Dec 2017
Phase 1 study of darolutamide (ODM-201): a new-generation androgen receptor antagonist, in Japanese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
This trial assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of darolutamide (ODM-201), a new-generation nonsteroidal androgen receptor antagonist, in Japanese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). ⋯ Darolutamide was well tolerated at the examined doses in Japanese patients with mCRPC, without differences in safety and pharmacokinetics relative to Western patients.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Dec 2017
Uncommon mutation types of epidermal growth factor receptor and response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients.
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is the standard therapy for advanced lung adenocarcinomas with common EGFR mutations. However, the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in patients with uncommon EGFR mutations (other than exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutation) remains undetermined. ⋯ Personalized treatment should be evolving in different types of uncommon EGFR mutations. Clinical benefit from EGFR-TKIs was higher in NSCLC patients with complex EGFR mutations than those with other uncommon EGFR mutation types.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Dec 2017
Phase II study of fixed dose-rate gemcitabine plus S-1 as a second-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer.
Gemcitabine plus platinum is considered standard first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. However, no standard second-line therapy has been established for this disease. According to reports, S-1 exerts anti-tumor effects on advanced biliary tract cancer and gemcitabine is more effective via fixed dose-rate administration. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a combination of fixed dose-rate gemcitabine and S-1 after failure of gemcitabine or gemcitabine plus cisplatin therapy. ⋯ Second-line fixed dose-rate gemcitabine plus S-1 was not sufficiently effective and tolerable in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer refractory to gemcitabine or gemcitabine plus cisplatin.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Oct 2017
Comparative StudyComparison of adverse events following injection of original or generic docetaxel for the treatment of breast cancer.
The approval of injectable generic drugs does not require bioequivalence testing. However, although generic products contain the same level of the active compound, the levels and types of additives present can differ from those used in the original product. Since docetaxel is highly lipophilic, polysorbate 80 (PS80), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and ethyl alcohol are employed to solubilize this anticancer agent. This retrospective study compared the safety of five docetaxel products (Taxotere®, Docetaxel Hospira, Docetaxel Sandoz, Docetaxel Sawai, and Docetaxel EE). ⋯ Injectable docetaxel products had different adverse event profiles, which showed negative associations with the amounts of PS80 and ethyl alcohol present. This finding indicated that there might be additive-related pharmacokinetic and physiochemical differences among these products, suggesting a need for further pre- or post-approval testing of injectable generic products containing noticeable different levels of additives.
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Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. · Jun 2017
Observational StudyPaclitaxel-induced sensory peripheral neuropathy is associated with an ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphism and older age in Japanese.
Whether age and inter-individual variability of pharmacogenetics are risk factors for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is inconclusive. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of previously investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and age, using genotype data from a prospective study of paclitaxel-related toxicity in Japanese patients with breast cancer. ⋯ ABCB1 1236 TT genotype and older age might be a predictor of PIPN, which diminishes quality of life of cancer survivors.