The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Nov 2012
ReviewPractical otic anatomy and physiology of the dog and cat.
Knowledge of the normal structure and function of the canine and feline ear is critical to be able to diagnose abnormalities that either involve the ear or originate within one or more of the ear compartments. In addition, a veterinarian must be aware of various structures within or associated with the ear so that they are not damaged or destroyed while treating an animal with otic disease. This article provides a brief discussion of the various anatomic features of the ear and normal physiology of portions of the ear.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Nov 2012
ReviewNeurological manifestations of ear disease in dogs and cats.
There are four major neuroanatomical structures associated with the ear that, when damaged, result in different neurologic clinical signs. These structures are the facial nerve, the ocular sympathetic tract, the vestibular receptors, and the cochlea. The clinical signs associated with disorders of each structure are discussed, followed by a summary of the diseases that should be considered in each case. The article begins with a description of the neuroanatomy of each of these structures.