Læknablađiđ
-
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common cause for presentation in the emergency room and hospitalization. The bleeding is usually categorized to upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding, etiology, risk factors, role of antithrombotics, evaluation of the severity of bleeding, therapy and outcome. Emphasis will be put on gastrointestinal bleeding within the Icelandic health care system but also in broader terms.
-
Editorial Historical Article
[Stress-related disorders - a major challenge of 21st century medical sciences].
-
The incidence of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (CNS) in Iceland during 1992-2016 was examined along with timing of diagnosis, maternal residence, known risk factors and perinatal outcomes. ⋯ The incidence of congenital anomalies of the CNS is stable and maternal risk factors are infrequent. Around 90% were diagnosed prenatally. Fetal anencephaly was diagnosed earlier at the end of the study period, after the introduction of a 11-14 week ultrasound scan in 2003, along with increased training among -healthcare professionals and improved ultrasound equipment. Higher prenatal detection rate in urban areas compared with rural may be explained by fewer ultrasound examinations being performed in less populated health districts, staff consequently receiving less training and experience and also with less advanced equipment.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
[Prescribing physical activity after labour, for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus].
The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been rapidly increasing in Iceland and 19% of women who gave birth at Landspítali - University hospital in 2018 were diagnosed with GDM. Women who develop GDM in pregnancy have an increased risk of recurrence in future pregnancies, as well as an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus later in life. Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are known risk factors for the development of GDM. Prescribing physical activity has become an available treatment option in all Icelandic primary healthcare centres. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of prescribing postpartum exercise for women with a history of GDM on their physical activity level, quality of life, BMI and biochemical markers typical for metabolic syndrome. ⋯ Prescribing physical activity after delivery for women with a history of GDM significantly increased their general activity level and breastfeeding seems to have a lowering effect on insulin levels.