Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
PROLAPSE: survey about local prostate cancer relapse salvage treatment with external beam re-irradiation: results of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO).
We herein present the results of the first Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) survey regarding salvage external beam re-irradiation of local prostate cancer relapse named PROLAPSE. ⋯ This first AIRO survey about salvage prostate re-EBRT provides an interesting snapshot and suggests increasing interest in re-EBRT patients in Italy. Consensus about some aspects of patients' selection, the necessity of biopsy, fractionation, and highly selective techniques seems feasible, but other key points such as irradiated volume, dosimetry parameters, and hormonal treatment association need to be clarified.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) can delay polymetastatic conversion in patients affected by liver oligometastases.
SBRT demonstrated to increase survival in oligometastatic patients. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the natural history of oligometastatic disease (OMD) and how SBRT may impact the transition to the polymetastatic disease (PMD). ⋯ In the setting of oligometastatic disease, SBRT is able to delay the transition to the PMD. A proportion of patients relapse as oligometastatic and can be eventually evaluated for a further SBRT course. Interestingly, those patients retain a survival benefit as compared to those who had PMD. Further studies are needed to explore the role of SBRT in OMD and to identify treatment strategies able to maintain the oligometastatic state.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
Acquired resistance to osimertinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: mechanisms and clinical outcomes.
Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), has demonstrated substantial clinical benefit in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were resistant to early-generation EGFR-TKIs and had acquired a T790M mutation. The aim of our study was to identify the mechanisms underlying resistance to osimertinib and to correlate them with clinical outcomes. ⋯ The study revealed heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance to osimertinib in advanced NSCLC patients and their association with clinical outcomes. Patients who maintained T790M mutation or with EGFR-dependent resistance mechanism had longer clinical outcome benefits.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
Microarray analysis of the expression profile of immune-related gene in rapid recurrence early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.
Although much progress has been made in the diagnosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (ES-LUAD), the prognosis for ES-LUAD patients with rapid recurrence is still poor. Importantly, there is currently no effective and precise method to screen patients who may develop rapid recurrence. Therefore, it is necessary to identify potential differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ES-LUAD patients with rapid recurrence and non-rapid recurrence. ⋯ There were significant differences in the expression of immune-related genes between patients with rapid recurrence and patient with non-rapid recurrence. Immune-related genes such as IL-1β and PTGS2 and TIL density (20%) play important roles in rapid recurrence of ES-LUAD. This study provided a theoretical basis for distinguishing the two types of patients from an immunological perspective.