Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2020
Polypharmacy as a prognostic factor in older patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based immunotherapy.
Polypharmacy is a common problem among older adults. However, its prevalence and impact on the clinical outcomes of anticancer treatment, such as survival and adverse events, in older patients with advanced cancer have not been well investigated. ⋯ Polypharmacy is an independent prognostic factor in older patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICI. Also, polypharmacy could be utilized as a simple indicator of patients' comorbidities and symptoms or as a predictive marker of unexpected hospitalizations during ICI treatment.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2020
Role of pleural and peritoneal metastasis in immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy patients with non-small cell lung cancer: real-world data from a large cohort in France.
Checkpoint inhibitors (CKI) targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 are major therapies for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite numerous studies of biological biomarkers, we currently lack a marker to predict CKI primary resistance. The aim of this study was to isolate clinical markers associated with the absence of efficacy of CKI used as monotherapy in NSCLC. ⋯ Our data support the hypothesis that pleuroperitoneal metastasis is a major predictive factor affecting CKI efficacy in NSCLC patients and may be used to avoid CKI monotherapy for such patients.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
PROLAPSE: survey about local prostate cancer relapse salvage treatment with external beam re-irradiation: results of the Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO).
We herein present the results of the first Italian Association of Radiotherapy and Clinical Oncology (AIRO) survey regarding salvage external beam re-irradiation of local prostate cancer relapse named PROLAPSE. ⋯ This first AIRO survey about salvage prostate re-EBRT provides an interesting snapshot and suggests increasing interest in re-EBRT patients in Italy. Consensus about some aspects of patients' selection, the necessity of biopsy, fractionation, and highly selective techniques seems feasible, but other key points such as irradiated volume, dosimetry parameters, and hormonal treatment association need to be clarified.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) can delay polymetastatic conversion in patients affected by liver oligometastases.
SBRT demonstrated to increase survival in oligometastatic patients. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the natural history of oligometastatic disease (OMD) and how SBRT may impact the transition to the polymetastatic disease (PMD). ⋯ In the setting of oligometastatic disease, SBRT is able to delay the transition to the PMD. A proportion of patients relapse as oligometastatic and can be eventually evaluated for a further SBRT course. Interestingly, those patients retain a survival benefit as compared to those who had PMD. Further studies are needed to explore the role of SBRT in OMD and to identify treatment strategies able to maintain the oligometastatic state.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2020
Acquired resistance to osimertinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: mechanisms and clinical outcomes.
Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), has demonstrated substantial clinical benefit in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were resistant to early-generation EGFR-TKIs and had acquired a T790M mutation. The aim of our study was to identify the mechanisms underlying resistance to osimertinib and to correlate them with clinical outcomes. ⋯ The study revealed heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance to osimertinib in advanced NSCLC patients and their association with clinical outcomes. Patients who maintained T790M mutation or with EGFR-dependent resistance mechanism had longer clinical outcome benefits.