Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jan 1995
Nerve-growth-factor-dependent neurite outgrowth assay; a research model for chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.
The rat clonal pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 can be induced to display neurite outgrowth upon induction with nerve growth factor (NGF). This NGF-dependent neurite outgrowth assay looks a promising model for research on toxic neuropathies. Using this assay we demonstrated that cisplatin caused a dose-dependent reduction of NGF-dependent neurite formation. ⋯ Even at a high cisplatin concentration (10 micrograms/ml), the protective action of NGF, although less adequate, was observed. The value and strength of this model for screening neuropathogenic effects of anticancer agents at the cellular level and the possibly therapeutic action of neurotrophins are discussed and demonstrated. Furthermore, in the light of the urgent need for adequate models for neuropathy research, the PC12 neurite outgrowth protection assay may contribute to our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the development of neuropathy.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jan 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe antiemetic efficacy and safety of granisetron compared with metoclopramide plus dexamethasone in patients receiving fractionated chemotherapy over 5 days. The Granisetron Study Group.
The antiemetic efficacy and safety of granisetron (40 micrograms/kg), a selective and potent 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) antagonist, was compared with that of metoclopramide (7 mg/kg) plus dexamethasone (12 mg) in patients receiving fractionated chemotherapy. Patients receiving cisplatin at doses of at least 15 mg/m2 or etoposide at least 120 mg/m2 or ifosfamide at least 1.2 g/m2 on each of 5 consecutive days were eligible. A total of 143 patients received granisetron and 141 received the comparator regimen. ⋯ The majority of granisetron patients only required a single prophylactic dose of the drug on each treatment day (at least 82%). In conclusion, granisetron showed at least equivalent efficacy to metoclopramide plus dexamethasone in patients receiving 5-day fractionated chemotherapy. In addition it offered a simple and convenient dosing regimen and a safer side-effect profile.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jan 1992
Adjuvant effects of antineoplastic prostaglandins to cisplatin in nude mice bearing human ovarian cancer cells.
Effects of antineoplastic prostaglandins (PG) on human ovarian cancer cell growth were examined by using HR cells derived from ascites of a patient with serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. With regard to inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro, the effects of delta 7-PGA1 was most marked, followed by that of delta 12-PGJ2, PGJ2 and PGD2. When antineoplastic prostaglandins were administered to nude mice bearing HR cells, tumor growth in groups treated with PGJ2 and delta 12-PGJ2 alone was significantly inhibited 63 days after tumor inoculation, compared to that in an untreated group. ⋯ Subsequently a significant prolongation of median survival was observed when cisplatin was combined with PGD2 or delta 7-PGA1, compared to the results in groups treated with PGD2 alone, delta 7-PGA1 alone or cisplatin alone. Combination of PGJ2 or delta 12-PGJ2 and cisplatin resulted in a significant decrease of hematocrit and body weight 63 days after tumor inoculation, suggesting a deterioration of the median survival. These results suggest that combination of PGD2 or delta 7-PGA1 with cisplatin may be of clinical use for ovarian cancer resistant to cisplatin.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jan 1992
Laser Doppler flux and tissue oxygenation of experimental tumours upon local hyperthermia and/or hyperglycaemia.
Laser Doppler fluxmetry and oxygen partial pressure (pO2) histography have been applied to investigate the acute effects of hyperthermia (HT) and/or hyperglycaemia (HG) on microcirculatory function and tissue oxygenation of subcutaneous rat tumours growing on the dorsum of the hind foot. The experiments were performed to test whether, and to what extent, the two adjunct treatment modalities applied alone or in combination can modify these therapeutically relevant parameters. Local HT was performed in a saline bath (44 degrees C) for 2 h; HG was induced by i.v. infusion of 40% glucose solution for 2.5 h (blood glucose levels: 35-40 mM during heating). ⋯ The combined treatment (HT/HG) neither increased the fraction of "hypoxic" pO2 readings nor intensified the flow drop already present at the end of the tumour heating. It is thus concluded that under hyperglycaemia the oxygenation status of normothermic and heated tumours is maintained. It may therefore be hypothesized that hyperthermia in conjunction with hyperglycaemia might be a better "radiosensitizer" than hyperthermia alone.