Brain & development
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Brain & development · Mar 2017
Temporal brain metabolite changes in preterm infants with normal development.
Preterm infants are at high risk for developmental delay, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorders. Some reports have described associations between these conditions and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) dysfunction; however, no study has evaluated temporal changes in GABA in preterm infants. Therefore, we assessed temporal changes in brain metabolites including GABA using single-voxel 3-Tesla (T) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in preterm infants with normal development. ⋯ Our results provide new information on normative values of brain metabolites in preterm infants.
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Brain & development · Jan 2017
Longitudinal change in white matter in preterm infants without magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities: Assessment of serial diffusion tensor imaging and their relationship to neurodevelopmental outcomes.
We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate longitudinal changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter tracts in preterm infants without abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Imaging was conducted at term equivalent age (TEA) and 1year of corrected age. Furthermore, we assessed correlations between FA and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3years of corrected age to investigate brain prematurity of preterm infants without MRI abnormalities. ⋯ At TEA, FA of the splenium was lower in younger GA infants without MRI abnormalities, but this may not affect subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Brain & development · Nov 2016
ReviewReversible splenial lesion syndrome in children: Retrospective study and summary of case series.
To describe clinical features of reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) in children. ⋯ Although RESLES in children tend to be a good outcome, the prognosis of patient in severe group, especially with extra-CC lesions, might have neurological sequelae.
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Brain & development · Aug 2016
Review Case ReportsInfantile spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type I presenting without respiratory involvement: Novel mutations and review of the literature.
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1), also known as distal spinal muscular atrophy 1 (DSMA1) or distal hereditary motor neuropathies type 6 (dHMN6), is a rare autosomal recessive motor neuron disorder that affects infants and is characterized by diaphragmatic palsy, distal muscular weakness and muscle atrophy. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene encoding immunoglobulinm-binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2). ⋯ We propose that IGHMBP2 gene mutations are characterized by significant phenotypic heterogeneity. Diaphragmatic palsy and respiratory distress may be absent and SMARD1 should be considered in infantile with the onset of peripheral neuropathies.
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Brain & development · Mar 2016
Targeted temperature management for acute encephalopathy in a Japanese secondary emergency medical care hospital.
The goals of this study, conducted in our secondary emergency care hospital, were to assess the effectiveness of targeted temperature management (TTM) for acute encephalopathy secondary to status epilepticus and to consider appropriate adaptations for use of TTM in this setting. ⋯ Use of TTM as the initial treatment for acute encephalopathy in the early-onset stage is possible in a secondary emergency care hospital. However, some acute encephalopathy cases are the so-called fulminant type; DIC or shock develops soon after onset and so it is sometimes difficult to introduce TTM. Fulminant-type patients should be transported to tertiary emergency care hospitals. Secondary emergency care hospitals must carefully select cases for TTM, keeping the possibility of transport to a tertiary emergency hospital in mind at all times.