Journal of epidemiology and community health
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Jul 2009
Exposure to interparental violence and psychosocial maladjustment in the adult life course: advocacy for early prevention.
Early family-level and social-level stressors are both assumed to be the components of two main path models explaining the association between exposure to interparental violence in childhood and its long-term consequences on mental health explored through life-course epidemiological studies. ⋯ The adult consequences of parental violence in childhood-and this independently of the other forms of domestic violence and the related psychosocial risks-should lead to intensifying the prevention of and screening for this form of maltreatment of children.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Jun 2009
Biography Historical ArticleThe hands of John Snow: clue to his untimely death?
The accomplishments of John Snow (1813-1858), physician-epidemiologist, inventor and anaesthetist to Queen Victoria, are well documented, but the causes of his untimely death at age 45 remain conjectural. Snow suffered a paralysing stroke while working on his magnum opus, On Chloroform and Other Anaesthetics, and died a few days later on 16 June 1858. Snow had a history of renal problems associated with tuberculosis. ⋯ The tuberculosis and renal involvement may have been worsened by vegetarianism and perhaps resulting vitamin D deficiency. However, the renal damage caused by tuberculosis is unlikely to have been progressive. Based on current evidence of renal toxicity associated with exposure to anaesthetic agents, it is perhaps more likely that extensive and prolonged self-experimentation with anaesthetics over a 9-year period led to Snow's renal failure, swollen fingers and early death from stroke.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Mar 2009
Multicenter StudySex differences in use of interventional cardiology persist after risk adjustment.
Studies from several countries have documented gender disparities in the management of coronary artery disease. Whether such gender disparities are seen in Italy and, if so, whether they can be explained by factors such as age and severity of illness were investigated. ⋯ Men and women admitted to hospitals in a region of northern Italy with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease are treated differently and this cannot be explained by age or severity of disease.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Jan 2009
Methodological issues related to longitudinal epidemiological assessment of developmental trajectories in children.
This supplement presents some of the methodological issues that arose during the early phases of protocol development for the National Children's Study (NCS), a probability sample of 100,000 children that will be followed prospectively from pregnancy through 21 years of age, and to share some of the challenges and solutions that were discussed. These papers on motor, social/emotional, psychiatric and neurocognitive/behavioural development do not define the protocol of the NCS, but reflect methodology related to the design of research and assessment of developmental trajectories in children that may be useful to other epidemiologists planning similar longitudinal studies.