Journal of epidemiology and community health
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J Epidemiol Community Health · May 2021
Meta AnalysisGender, marital and educational inequalities in mid- to late-life depressive symptoms: cross-cohort variation and moderation by urbanicity degree.
Although ageing populations are increasingly residing in cities, it is unknown whether depression inequalities are moderated by urbanicity degree. We estimated gender, marital and educational inequalities in depressive symptoms among older European and Canadian adults, and examined whether higher levels of urbanicity, captured by population density, heightened these inequalities. ⋯ Despite cross-cohort variation in gender, marital status and educational inequalities in depressive symptoms, there was weak evidence that these inequalities differed by levels of population density.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Jul 2016
Review Meta AnalysisFrailty as a predictor of hospitalisation among community-dwelling older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Owing to detrimental hazards and substantial healthcare burden and costs, hospitalisation of older people has become a major focus. Frailty has increasingly been recognised as an important predictor of hospitalisation. This study aims to identify studies on physical frailty as a predictor of hospitalisation risks and to pool the risk estimates among community-dwelling older people. ⋯ This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated physical frailty is a significant predictor of hospitalisation among community-dwelling older people. Hospitalisation can potentially be reduced by treating or preventing frailty.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Jul 2016
Review Meta AnalysisAssociation between frailty and quality of life among community-dwelling older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
With growing numbers of older people worldwide, improving and maintaining quality of life during the extended years of life are a major focus for healthcare providers and policymakers. Some studies have suggested frailty may be associated with worse quality of life. ⋯ This systematic review and meta-analysis has demonstrated the evidence of a consistent inverse association between frailty/prefrailty and quality of life among community-dwelling older people. Interventions targeted at reducing frailty may have the additional benefit of improving corresponding quality of life. More longitudinal analysis is required to determine this effect.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Jun 2015
Meta AnalysisPulmonary function as a risk factor for dementia death: an individual participant meta-analysis of six UK general population cohort studies.
In addition to being associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality, lung function has been linked with dementia. However, existing studies typically provide imprecise estimates due to small numbers of outcome events and are based on unrepresentative samples of the general population. ⋯ In these general population samples, the relation between three measures of lung function and dementia death followed a dose-response gradient. Being in the bottom quartile of lung function was associated with a doubling of the risk.
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J Epidemiol Community Health · Nov 2012
Meta AnalysisChanges in suicide rates following media reports on celebrity suicide: a meta-analysis.
A growing number of studies indicate that sensationalist reporting of suicide is associated with increases in suicide rates, but in the light of some negative findings, the issue has remained controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the best current evidence on the association between celebrity suicide stories and subsequent suicides. ⋯ Reports on celebrity suicide are associated with increases in suicides. Study region and celebrity type appear to have an impact on the effect size.