Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Adolescents report both positive and negative consequences of experimentation with cigarette use.
To examine the physiological and social consequences that 9th and 10th grade adolescents experience as a result of experimenting with cigarette use, and whether consequences vary by level of experimentation and gender. ⋯ Adolescents experience both positive and negative consequences of experimentation with cigarette use. Prevention and intervention efforts should acknowledge that positive consequences of smoking may occur and address how these consequences can be achieved through other behaviors.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Meta AnalysisLower adherence to screening mammography guidelines among ethnic minority women in America: a meta-analytic review.
This study investigates the association between ethnic minority status and receiving a screening mammogram within the past 2 years among American women over 50. ⋯ This study found evidence that ethnic minority-screening mammography differences exist but were impacted by socioeconomic status. Implications for interpreting existing knowledge and future research needs are discussed.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP): a community cluster-randomised trial among elderly Canadians.
High blood pressure is an important and modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor that remains under-detected and under-treated. Community-level interventions that address high blood pressure and other modifiable risk factors are a promising strategy to improve cardiovascular health in populations. The present study is a community cluster-randomised trial testing the effectiveness of CHAP (Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program) on the cardiovascular health of older adults. ⋯ This paper highlights considerations in design, implementation and evaluation of a large-scale, community-wide cardiovascular health promotion initiative.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRandomized trial of a clinic-based, community-supported, lifestyle intervention to improve physical activity and diet: the North Carolina enhanced WISEWOMAN project.
To determine if a clinic-based behavioral intervention program for low-income mid-life women that emphasizes use of community resources will increase moderate intensity physical activity (PA) and improve dietary intake. ⋯ The EI did not improve objectively measured PA, but was associated with improved self-reported and objective measures of dietary intake.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAction Schools! BC: a school-based physical activity intervention designed to decrease cardiovascular disease risk factors in children.
Our primary objective was to determine whether a novel 'active school' model--Action Schools! BC--improved the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile in elementary-school children. Our secondary objective was to determine the percentage of children with elevated CVD risk factors. ⋯ Action Schools! BC was an effective school-based physical activity model for improving the CVD risk profile of elementary-school children. Our multi-component intervention exposed children to fitness enhancing physical activity. It may be important for education stakeholders to adequately resource the delivery of the active school models if cardiovascular health benefits are to be achieved on a population basis.