Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2013
Counseling and provision of long-acting reversible contraception in the US: national survey of nurse practitioners.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) provide frontline care in women's health, including contraception, an essential preventive service. Their importance for contraceptive care will grow, with healthcare reforms focused on affordable primary care. This study assessed practice and training needs to prepare NPs to offer high-efficacy contraceptives - intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants. ⋯ Nurse practitioners have an increasingly important position in addressing high unintended pregnancy in the US, but require specific training in long-acting reversible contraceptives.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2013
ReviewSmoking cessation interventions for ethnic minority groups--a systematic review of adapted interventions.
Existing smoking cessation interventions tend to be under utilized by ethnic minority groups. We sought to identify smoking cessation interventions that have been adapted to meet the needs of African-, Chinese- and South Asian-origin populations, to increase understanding of the approaches used to promote behavior change, to assess their acceptability to the target populations, and to evaluate their effectiveness. ⋯ Given the evidence of greater acceptability of adapted interventions, it may be ethically preferable to use these. There is, however, no clear evidence of the effectiveness of adapted interventions in promoting smoking cessation in ethnic minority groups.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialSchool-based mindfulness instruction for urban male youth: a small randomized controlled trial.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been shown to improve mental health and reduce stress in a variety of adult populations. Here, we explore the effects of a school-based MBSR program for young urban males. ⋯ In this study, MBSR participants showed less anxiety, improved coping, and a possible attenuation of cortisol response to academic stress, when compared with HT participants. These results suggest that MBSR improves psychological functioning among urban male youth.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2013
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors among the Chinese adults: the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009.
We aimed to estimate the up-to-date prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its influencing factors among the Chinese adults. ⋯ Our results suggest an urgent need to develop national strategies for the prevention, detection, treatment and control of obesity and MS in China.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2013
Overweight trajectories and psychosocial adjustment among adolescents.
Few studies have investigated overweight trajectories and psychosocial adjustment among adolescents. We conducted analyses with data from the multisite Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD). ⋯ Study findings may advance knowledge on the distinct developmental trajectory patterns of overweight youth and their linkages to the psychosocial adjustment during the period of pubertal transition. The results highlight the need for future prevention research to improve the physical development and mental well-being of adolescents.