Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
Review Meta AnalysisSelf-determined motivation and physical activity in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Self-determination theory is used as a framework for examining the relation between motivation and physical activity. The purpose of this review was to systematically review studies that assessed the association between self-determined motivation and physical activity levels in children and adolescents. ⋯ Evidence provides some support for self-determination theory tenets. However, there was substantial heterogeneity in most associations and many studies had methodological shortcomings.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyNon-compliance with the initial screening exam visit in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
Identify predictors of non-compliance with first round screening exams in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. ⋯ Many factors modestly influenced compliance. Consent process was the strongest predictor of compliance.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
ReviewRandomized controlled trial lifestyle interventions for Asian Americans: a systematic review.
Asian Americans are the fastest-growing race in the United States. However, they are largely underrepresented in health research, particularly in lifestyle interventions. A systematic review was conducted to analyze the characteristics and quality of lifestyle intervention literature promoting changes in physical activity (PA), diet, and/or weight management targeting Asian Americans. ⋯ Evidence of the efficacy for lifestyle interventions among Asian Americans was mixed. Recommendations include: more rigorous RCT designs, more objective measures, larger Asian American sample sizes, culturally appropriate interventions, individual tailoring, maintenance phase with support, and providing education and modeling of lifestyle behaviors.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
Ability of a mass media campaign to influence knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about sugary drinks and obesity.
We examined the impact of a mass media campaign that was designed to educate residents about the amount of added sugars in soda and other sugary drinks, as well as the health impacts of consuming such drinks. ⋯ Media campaigns about sugary drinks and obesity may be effective for raising awareness about added sugars in beverages, increasing knowledge about health problems associated with excessive sugar consumption, and prompting behavioral intentions to reduce soda and sugary drink consumption.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2014
Comparative StudyUsing electronic health record data to evaluate preventive service utilization among uninsured safety net patients.
This study compared the preventive service utilization of uninsured patients receiving care at Oregon community health centers (CHCs) in 2008 through 2011 with that of continuously insured patients at the same CHCs in the same period, using electronic health record (EHR) data. ⋯ Lack of insurance is a barrier to preventive service utilization, even in patients who can access care at a CHC. Policymakers in the United States should continue to address this significant prevention disparity.